WEB-O-PEDIA

Avoid bird nest design for your boards ! Just get a PCB made , the first step is design ... It is not as hard as you might think: download : Eagle PCB editor it is free ,but 1 limitation i.e board size, as long as you make smaller boards. And instead of writing full tutorial i am gving links to online tutorials: It is by sparkfun .com ..a part of the tutorials designed for new builder of electronics circuits sparkfunPCB Tutorial

Why to learn ARM ? ARM is the most popular of leading cores of the embedded processors. it is designed for the specific clients and for different product demands the processor is added with extra feature. there is always high demand of skilled manpower who has worked with arm processor and embedded linux . I recommend few books here you can get as ebooks ,but getting a printed copy is better and you will get a faster /regular learning from it ..may need to refer the books in later part of your career. All big giants like sony ,honeywell,philips,nokia,siemens ,HP work on these ARM core based products. 1) ARM System-on-Chip Architecture (2nd Edition) Desc:The future of the computer and communications industries is converging on mobile information appliances - phones, PDAs, laptops and other devices. The ARM is at the heart of this trend, leading the way in system-on-chip (SoC) development and becoming the processor core of choice for many embedded applications. System-on-chip techn...

This is useful for small amplifier , op amp projects Parts : IC 7815,7915 -1 nos , 2200uf 35 V - 2 nos .22uf ceramic/ poly - 2 nos 100uf 25v -2 nos Verro board -1 no Transformer 12v -0-12v secondary and 220v /110 V primary wires for connecting etc

For basic usage 8051 is powerful enough for your needs . But if you want to serious stuff like LCD touchscreen ethernet usage ,CMOS sensors then ARM based architectures for a number of reasons: * They are dropping Al most the same as other low end boards * They are FULLY 32-bit cores, 8-bit MCU's just don't cut it some times. For example my DVD player from 2002 has an 8052 MCU embedded in it as a front end (remote control reading, On Screen Display etc.). But newer DVD players from what I've been seeing are either using proprietary cores or ARM based cores. * Also budget wireless chipsets and routers use ARM7 and ARM9 chips (probably to do the WEP/WPA encryption). Well I do know the wifi chipset in the PSP uses an ARM9 based CPU. * Supported by freeware GNU compilers (GCC for example), makes development rather painless and if you want to code in assembly (GNU assembler really sucks ) then you get free assembler. * Tons of very cheap devkits available (t...

Here we make an cool looking enclosure with body part from a HDD (external) casing.Something like this steps: 1.If more height is needed Cut the Enclosureas in pic ..separate top and bottom plates 2.fit 2 pieces of MDF ,spraypainterd with aerosol can(very cheap 5$). 3.Drill screw holes with 1$ hand drill on the sides and weo have completed the body for front you can use aluminum or acrylic piece(easy to cut).See pics below...

Most hobbyists are working on small kits layouts .And prefer the through hole parts.After the projects id done the board looks bulky and needs more space to fit. Never possible to make card size boards... build needs lott of wiring and connecting wires . I suggest why not explore SMD.Yes sourcing components is an issue ,you can use sites like mouser.com for parts .. before getting into details lets learn Smd soldering at home. Here are some videos you can refer: open youtube go through related videos ! Tools needed , just tweezers , and a fine tip soldering iron,and a liquid flux. For pcb try iron on pcb fabrication.

Many audio video enthusiasts are looking forward to full 8 Channel lossless high resolution audio that delivers all the original audio content recorded and meant to be heard by the end users. Auzentech recently launched a new HDMI 1.3 combo card in their high end card line up .Whats unique in this card is supports full HDMI 1.3 high resolution audio standards such as Dolby® Digital Plus, Dolby® Digital TrueHD, DTS-HD and Bit streaming with Non Down-Sampling Output capabilities. Card features are very impressive: Blu-ray support via Cyberlink's latest PowerDVD application (available separately) Support for PCM 8 channel, 24-bit/192kHz 24p True Cinema Output Blu-ray Audio with no downsampling High bit-rate audio, such as Dolby TrueHD, DTS-HD Master Audio bitstream Dolby Digital Live for Windows and Vista DTS Neo:PC & DTS Interactive for Windows Vista EAX Advanced HD 5.0 NVidia and CyberLink have both joined Auzentech on this project to ensure a full HDMI 1.3 solution via hardw...

The home theatre PC(HTPC) is immersing as a common entertainment platform.The HTPCs today are equipped with best video audio chips ...connection possibilities,remote etc making it part of AV gear for living room. There are different possibilities of getting video and audio from htpc to LCD tv /HD plasma and 5.1 dedicated speakers . Option one: Feed audio directly to AVR(Audio Video) Reciever with SPDIF optical.. depending on the motherboard the audio will be dolby encodede/dtd pass through or just 2 channel. Video just connect to LCD with HDMI>DVI adapter (very cheap one). Cons: you cant switch video source unless you have a manual DVI switch Option Two : Add a graphics card such as ATI 4650 HDMI,You will be able to get 48 Khz 16 Bit 7.1 Channel PCM audio with that. some say If you are not using HDMI exclusively, you are not “using your connection options the best way possible” . Option three: If you use devices like PS3,HTPC,HDMI dvd players buy a device like XCM

LCD panel making Idea 1> Take acrylic ,cut with a hand drill used for PCB drilling 2> File the cut to smoothness 3> for that rough outer ,cut the sheet from back of corporate diary/premium notebook Done!

Pretty simple LED effect with a simple code and schematic #include #define first P1 #define second P2 //sbit first P1^0 //sbit second P2^0 void wait() { int i,j; for(i=0;i for(j=0;j } main() { unsigned int i; /* Delay var */ unsigned char j,m; /* LED var */ while (1) { for(m=0x01;m!=0xff;m=m(m { for(i=1;i { /* Loop forever */ for (j=m; j!= 0x00; j P1 = j; /* Output to LED Port */ wait (); /* call wait function */ } P1=0; for (j=m; j!=0x00; j P2 = j; /* Output to LED Port */ wait (); } /* call wait function */ P2=0; } } } } schematic : Quickpost this image to Myspace, Digg, Facebook, and others!

schematic Quickpost this image to Myspace, Digg, Facebook, and others! code working: If you press any button in the matrix keyboard it controller will scan the corresponding ascii code that will send serially to the port pin specified . Corresponding ascii code we can see in LED blinkings. #include /* add the headers here */ #define COL P2 #define ROW P1 void msdelay(unsigned int value); void sertx(unsigned char); unsigned char keyboard[4][4]={ '7','8','9','/', '4','5','6','*', '1','2','3','-', 'a','0','=','+' }; void main() { unsigned char colloc,rowloc; TMOD=0x20; TH1=-24; SCON=0x50; TR1=1; COL=0xff; while(1) { do { ROW=0x00; colloc=COL; colloc&=0x0f; } while(colloc!=0x0f); do { do { msdelay(20); colloc=COL; colloc&=0x0f; }while(colloc==0x0f); msdelay(20); colloc=COL; colloc&=0x0f; } while(colloc==0x0f); while(1) { ROW=0xfe; colloc=COL; colloc...

After long break i am back again ..this time for all hobbyists,DIY people I am adding some tricks for making a front panel . Step1: Backlit Logo Devices like amplifier , D/a converter need a logo panel ...why to put poor looking popping out led,with a paper sticker below? Here we go : 1.Print 2 copies of same logo text on butter paper ,letters white,rest black 2.stick them together,to make dark areas dark 3.put smd (surface mount) behind the panel Result? See the pic above... If you still wanna do a lil more fancy designs.. add a weavy led circuit with IC 4017..may look even cooler!

The I2C bus was designed by Philips in the early 80 to allow easy communication between components which reside on the same circuit board. Philips Semiconductors migrated to NXP in 2006. Sometimes the bus is called IIC or I²C bus. This has features  like :  Only two bus lines are required No strict baud rate requirements like for instance with RS232, the master generates a bus clock Simple master/slave relationships exist between all components Each device connected to the bus is software-addressable by a unique address I2C is a true multi-master bus providing arbitration and collision detection Operation: The I2C bus uses two lines called Serial Clock Line (SCL) and Serial Data Lines (SDA). Both lines are pulled high via a resistor (Rpu) as shown in Figure below. The interface uses 8 bit long bytes, MSB (Most Significant Bit) first, with each device having a unique address. Any device may be a Transmitter or Receiver, and a Master or Slave. The Slave is any device addressed by t...

24LC512 is a 64K x 8 (512 Kbit) Serial EEPROMs(Electrically Erasable), from Microchip Technology Inc. (see the product page) . It has been developed for advanced, low-power applications such as personal communications and data acquisition. This device also has a page write capability of up to 128 bytes of data. This device is capable of both random and sequential reads up to the 512K boundary. Functional address lines allow up to eight devices on the same bus, for up to 4 Mbit address space. This is an example how to interface 24XXX EEPROMs with 8051. Best way is t0 use SDCC as C Compiler. the abobe schematic will be sufficient .  sample code  &    header  Datasheet - 24LC512 [pdf]

 there was  some  problem with co-linux DHCP enabled ,   while i loaded to vista HP , hence i did a static IP setting as follows: i have created eth1 interface to use the TAP adapter - i tried with ping ,read the colinux site ,did static IP , all dint work -i got clue that the TAP will allow access ,using slirp is lil tough -made a colinux.conf.txt from example.conf.txt added 1 more adapter with MAC 00:ff:00: ... -but fedora8 network settings are diffrrent ..sorted out added /etc/sysconfig/cfg-eth1 ,edited /etc/sysconfig/cfg-eth1 -in (vista)network connections ,EDITED the "TAP co-linux "adapter properties in IPv4 setting selected use the following IP :192.168.42.10 netmask 255.255.255.0 - i have disabled the vista firewall .....huh ! finally i was able to ping vista -------------> 192.168.42.10(TAP) vista ------------->192.168.42.10(TAP) ---->192.168.42.2(colinux-eth1,new interface) - added new liste...

 On the left side of this blog you see a common messenger : AIM ,Gtalk etc   Select the  option  from  top : enter id pass etc  .... start chatting !   No installation needed !   save my blog link...have fun!

Co- linux runs while vista running ...a full bodied linux ...may practice driver development immediately after boot..no partitioning ,no shutdown reboot required. the process to install the co-linux is outlined as following: --Download co-linux intaller exe :small one may be 2mb use ID Manager.exe to download,from the colinux sourceforge site ---it will prompt for the filesytem image download... --select c:\coLinux as path --in the default....Xml file change the paths for img file if in tht directory img file [>1Gb] is not there [mycase] then manually download the selfextracting rootfile system,Use IDM i downloaded Fadora ..6..exe extract to c:\colinux will give a  img file ---now edit Start-Fedora-6.bat  and give proper path for image like c:/coLinux/...img save and run the bat file from command prompt ---ignore and allow on warnings --DONE! now to get the  gcc  use  yum install gcc.i386 .... it will download and  install  the gcc compiler set Enjoy ! 

As there is lott of demands in the industry for linux professionals, a lott of software engineers have taken the learning path of linux internals as way to a successful career. Notes: I will periodically update this series of posts,as time becomes available to me. Resources: There are various resources available over the internet to assist your learning of driver development.I recommend please go through Linux Device Drivers book by CORBET and RUBINI 3rd Ed ,because this new edition contains updated info related to latest kernel 2.6.x. Device driver writers are expected to be  very proficient in C programming and now-a-days  in C++ too so make sure you develop a good practice in coding using these languages.Rest assured I will guide you to have a deep plunge into the oscean of device drivers. Add image to Myspace, Digg, Facebook, and others! Device Drivers : These represent a sofware layer that is mostly used for hardware abstraction.That means the layer provides a unified mecha...