WEB-O-PEDIA

Using USB thether with Android cell

2011-10-10T10:24:00.001-07:00

The crisis is the netman today has no net as my cablenet has expired.
To save me from the dullpass times there is app called PDA_NET

all it does is ..mking your cell as 2G/3G modem over USB
steps :
ActivateGPRS >
Just download pdanet from android market --- its free>
Make sure usb-debugging enabled in settings >
The app also prompts for desktop client download "Really cool"
so it downloded the pda-net client .EXE in mobile .

Installed the client on pc [copied from mobile SD/download folder]
it loads all the drivers and agents..no crappy network settings u need to do manually!
> Next is "all done"

To use mobile as modem :
on cell : click "use USN theter"
on pc doubleclick on PDA-net app on the taskbar ..it will show connected after some messages .You will see net is up Icon.

Happy surfing!

Loading GingerBread to Samsung Galaxy S

2011-09-19T22:38:00.000-07:00

Incite :
get The Darky 10.2 RE ROM
ODIN 1.3
Samsung drivers for windows ... i am on vista
get the kernel flasher for captivate [US galaxy s]
get the home button fix
factory wipe at CWM recovery

Why ?
The darky 10.2 RE is a fast GingerBread ROM ..

How to :
Coming SOon!

Linux Signals Riddle!

2011-09-19T22:34:00.000-07:00

Playing with signals in linux lets see a riddle :

#include
#include
/* for random() stuff */
#include
#include
#include
#include

void
termination_handler (int signum)
{
struct temp_file *p;
int err;
printf("\nTerminated\n");
sleep(10);
}

int
main (void)
{

int shmfd,*shared_msg, pid;
struct sigaction new_action, old_action;
int shared_seg_size = (1 * sizeof(int));
//shm operations
shmfd = shm_open("/shm_sumit",O_CREAT|O_RDWR|O_EXCL,S_IRWXU | S_IRWXG);
if (shmfd < 0) {
perror("In shm_open()");
exit(1);
}

ftruncate(shmfd, shared_seg_size);
shared_msg = (int *)mmap(NULL, shared_seg_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, shmfd, 0);
if (shared_msg == NULL) {
perror("In mmap()");
exit(1);
}

pid = getpid();
*shared_msg = pid;

/* Set up the structure to specify the new action. */
new_action.sa_handler = termination_handler;
sigemptyset (&new_action.sa_mask);
new_action.sa_flags = SA_NODEFER;

sigaction (SIGUSR1, &new_action, NULL);
//while(1)
{
sleep(10);
}
/*if (shm_unlink("/shm_sumit") != 0) {
perror("In shm_unlink()");
exit(1);
}*/

}

signal2.c

#include
#include
#include
void
termination_handler (int signum)
{
struct temp_file *p;
printf("\nTerminated");
}

int
main (void)
{
int shmfd,*shared_msg, pid;
struct sigaction new_action, old_action;
int shared_seg_size = (1 * sizeof(int));
//shm operations
shmfd = shm_open("/shm_sumit",O_RDWR,S_IRWXU | S_IRWXG);
shared_msg = (int *)mmap(NULL, shared_seg_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, shmfd, 0);
printf(" Process id of sigtest1 = %d\n",*shared_msg);
kill(*shared_msg,SIGUSR1);
kill(*shared_msg,SIGUSR1);
kill(*shared_msg,SIGUSR1);
kill(*shared_msg,SIGUSR1);
kill(*shared_msg,SIGUSR1);

sleep(1);
if (shm_unlink("/shm_sumit") != 0) {
perror("In shm_unlink()");
exit(1);
}

}

The riddle is here sigtest2.c send SIGUSR1 to sigtest1.c 5 times, but the string "Terminated " gets printed sometimes 2 times and sometimes 5 times. why is this printing behavior inconsistent??

2011-02-20T08:54:00.000-08:00

Ok after long time i am here .. this time with audiophile DIY
this is partial built HV shunt regulator. IT uses some JFETS and MOSFET IRF840 for plates, pics only for now schematics to follow

Learning Low cost logic analysers

2010-05-12T05:19:00.000-07:00

Logic analyzer is a piece of equipment most embedded companies should have.It is a morethan recommended that embedded newbies try to get a hands on with the logic analyzer debugging.

But the how to select among the so many features and expensive models. Thankfully there are low cost USB varients that gets the job done pretty neatly .

One such analyser i came across is LA1034 LOGICPORT LOGIC ANALYZER made by INTRONICS.The unit is handy and has a featurerich software .Beware there are china clones of this unit may be at 60% of the cost. There may be multiple issues with
risetime falltime as well as cross talk / delay in display , specially the durability of the unit.

The LA1034 LOGICPORT sells about 389$ and has 34(!) channel with CAN, I2C, SPI and RS232 Interpreters and frequency counter. The standard IDC header is handy and installation is very simple.

Now the learning part
Refer these links
:1. Curious Inventor
2.Radio electronics logic analyzer tutorial

The cheapest and slowest one here http://www.xs4all.nl/~jwasys/old/diy2.html

Just uses the parallel port as input interface , use the buffered version..(almost passive) this is helpful for
learning with slow signals .. run the digitrac.exe enjoy...

Laptop as Guitar Interface Part -3

2010-04-29T03:26:00.000-07:00

Setting up the Amplitube:

Usually u can select the prebuilt presets.... some worked well for me ..
some were noisy .I will guide u 1 clean and 1 distortion preset that worked for me well .A good cable is very(!) important..as this laptop mic interface is very sensitive else u will get lott of buzz , hummmmmmmmmmmmm..

In both preset the EQ cuts the excess bass that hinder the sound, u may have to fiddle a little with ur guitar ..
Remember : always keep the Guitar volme 30% lower than max .. else some
sensitive pickups may damage the laptop card.

If u wanna real good interace takea professionnal card like the MAudio guitar interface ... comes abt 4k INR.

My-Clean:
amp:American tube vintage
cab : default
rack: default
Stomp: select EQ1 and EQ3 (third position) i keep echoman for some songs

My-distortion:
amp:modern tube lead
cab : default
rack: default
Stomp: select EQ1 ,overdrive and EQ3 (third position)

Laptop as Guitar Interface Part -2

2010-04-29T03:19:00.000-07:00

Software setup :
Start amplitube , go settings>Audiosetup>select Asio...leave all others default.
Now setup asio driver:
ASIO4ALL v2 Instruction Manual

it is a big document ... practically u just need to select 128frames setting in ASIO panel,( double click on the green icon. )

Laptop as Guitar Interface Part -1

2010-04-29T03:07:00.000-07:00

Despite of the fact that web -o-pedia is all about embedded devices , inter faces
This time it wil differ slightly from all those tech stuff... seriously ! it is all about making music , and the electric Guitar .
the one remarkable instrument that went unreplacable no matter what synth devices the modern technology has given us ..

Ok coming to the point , today we will setup the LAPTOP(u can use pc,if u must )
to be a effect processor , padal boards... with unlimited number of presets , as well
custom ones.

U need
1> Amplitube ... get a patched version via torrent
2> Asio4all driver..http://www.asio4all.com/
needed as normal windows driver cant catch guitar signal fast
>cable and amp setup

first install the Asio4all
3.5mm to guitar jack cable u need plug the lappy as shown below

what are static variables and globals

2010-04-18T01:14:00.000-07:00

In c programming static variable is a special type of variable can retain its value between invocations .It has two types :
1. Static to function or control block
2. Static to the file

If it is static to function it will retain the value when the function is called again and again .

Eg
Void foo()
{
Static int a;
a++;
printf(“%d\n”,a);
}

In consecutive calls it will have values 1 , 2 …..
But cant be accessed outside of the function.
In the static to the file scenario the variable is commonly declared at the top like the globals .
it is accessible to all functions but it will retain the value.

Difference between the globals , when static is in a header file it will have 1 copy per file that include the header.
Eg:

-----------------test.h-----------------

static int var;

----------------- mainfile.c ----------------------
#include
#include ”test.h”

Int main (){
printf("var in %s: %d\n ", __FILE__, ++var);
in_file2();

}

---------------------file2.c----------
in_file2{
printf("var in %s: %d\n",__FILE__, ++var);
}

Compile as :
gcc -o statictest mainfile.c file2.c
Output:
./statictest
Output:
~/test $ ./statictest
var in main.c: 1
var in file2.c: 1
Same var if only a global the output will be :
var in main.c: 1
var in file2.c: 2

Constant volatile variable

2010-04-17T23:36:00.000-07:00

Can you have constant volatile variable?

You can have a const volatile variable. Its syntactically correct and often used while expecting a value change from the hardware.
Example:
The status registers (read only) if micro controllers are often declared as
const volatile statRegxxxx;

The program (software) shouldn't change the value of statRegxxxx, only the hardware can

volatile variables ? example

2010-04-17T23:26:00.001-07:00

In embedded we deal with special features in c language that are provided to make building systems convenient. One such feature is volatile variable :
A variable should be declared volatile whenever its value could change unexpectedly viz by external influences like the variable representing memory mapped peripheral register.

Example:

static int var;
void test(void)
{
var = 0;
while (var != 255)
continue;
}

The above code sets the value in var to 0. It then starts to poll that value in a loop until the value of var becomes 255.
An optimizing compiler will notice that no other code can possibly change the value stored in 'var', and therefore assume that it will remain equal to 0 at all times. The compiler will then replace the function body with an infinite loop, similar to this:

void test_opt(void)
{
var = 0;
while (TRUE)
continue;
}

solution is :
volatile int var;

How to reverse engineer USB device

2010-03-30T23:34:00.000-07:00

Snooping the data transfer in USB under windows is a way to develop USB drivers .
The devices with unavailable specs can be examined in a free ware called SnoopyPro.

Here is how :
1.Unpack and Install
File->Unpack Drivers and File->Install Service
2. get the device address
from windows device manager
3.select the end point you want to snoop..... tada you will see wahtz going on .

In the image we have selected a keyboard device with VID 534b and snooping on the second end point (0x01) .

Here is the cool log at your diposal.

Enjoy HD in OLD laptop in 20$

2010-02-07T05:56:00.000-08:00

As i came across the news of the release of The BCM70010/BCM70012 chipset ...i am very excited to revive my P4 pc ..

What is this chip and how it is useful :
Broadcom chip uses Crystal HD Enhanced Video Accelerator solution.
So your old laptop/PC or even ARM miniPCI devices you can revive with a card that has this chip.

Most interesting part is the cost just 20$ <1000Rs.. so grab one and use.
These are selling via ebay India: http://cgi.ebay.in/ws/eBayISAPI.dll?ViewItem&item=320436937576
or you can try ebay.com if you have paypal.

This introduces the advantages of next-generation high definition H.264 and VC-1 video compression algorithms to netbook and nettop applications like the playback of streaming media and downloaded media as well as Blu-ray™ discs. The chipset is a single-stream HD AVC/VC-1/MPEG-2 decoder solution capable of full HD real-time decoding. The high performance and low power consumption of the solution allow reduced CPU utilization and support for mobile platform designs.

The chipset supports any compliant resolution from QVGA up to 1920 x 1088.

My Hot Air Pencil in Rs 300 for smd

2010-02-02T03:35:00.000-08:00

ARM9 soldering problem is solved.. i made the hot air pencil.
See pics and details are ...
Parts needed :
1 cheap soldering pipe shaped ,coil heater type:140/- like this http://www.hvwtech.com/products/206/44100_PV.jpg
1acqurium pump + air pipe :130/-
6 inch pneumatic tubing :30/- like this http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/...500_AA280_.jpg
(my innovation
it withstands approx 100deg, at the coupling end the temp does not go v high).
Super glue , paper etc..
How to :
1.rip apart soldering iron, remove metal tip.
2.Leaving the front hole (where metal tip was there) cover the other holes with 2 layer of paper
put duct tape to make the paper hold.This is to prevent air leak.
3. connect air pipe to the 6" pneumatic tubing
seal the joint with superglue,put the other end of the tubing to soldering iron metal pipe. with paper as insulator.

4. Close the soldering handle with pipe and wires
mine is taped to hold together."Be careful not to short mains wires".My iron had fully insulated mains wires.
5. Plug in the pump and iron together.
wait 20 -30 seconds... check the temperature by burning some paper. Then try on solder.

ARM9 Board Taking shape -2:Active parts

2010-01-29T07:00:00.000-08:00

See the power IC how small it is ,

I will have to make a HOT AIR PENCIL.
There are 20+ web sites detailing it but I will use my way to do that.. Done the
shopping by now.

I will create a post on the same soon.

Where is Web-o-pedia popular

2010-01-28T03:15:00.000-08:00

As per Sitemeter tool.
Web-o-pedia is gaining visitors mainly from USA and INDIA !
Glad to know that.

LED desktop thingy!

2010-01-26T07:04:00.000-08:00

I bought a china made LED torch cum table lamp. Costed very less.
Charges well gives 8Hour backup minimum(did not check when it goes off) from a 6hour charge

What is special here is it is a torch with a flip 6ultrabright LED panel.The panel tilts at 15degrees , so you can point the LED sets all directions... that is too much the price of 1 cup coffee in some places .Panel can be hidden when used as torch.
But there is a problem!

The table light /torch loses the intensity after 3hours to 60%.
There must be a way to keep intensity same. I needed a constant current source at least 0.5A.

I searched on net and got (LED driver) : http://www.candlepowerforums.com/vb/showthread.php?t=236260
image:
And I know about joule thief circuit ->simple 1 or 2 transistor circuit increases the voltage.
Here is joule thief:

(i assume battery is 6v )
Plan is :
battery(6v)>joule thief(9v)>LED driver>LEDs

smooth white light till battery loses the charge (if backup become 6Hrs , fine na!)

Arm9 board free samples locked up

2010-01-20T00:21:00.000-08:00

I am asking free samples from a company , for atleast the power section
some one named Srikanth G. from their local office ,locking the samples and asking
business details again and again . Samples save good $$$.

If not i have 10 other alternatives. Letz see what comes out .

Board is in progress , 90% of components supply i sorted out.
The At01 series has inbuilt loader that will init the chip and peripherials.
Now i need to learn the 1st time flashing of the Uboot loader. SD RAM I got : see it on the board before soldering

Update: sample will be most probably be released , as i convinced them . Local center guy i forced putting mail to HO. hahaha :).

One problem is there: The SDRAM pads are too small ,go under the chip legs.manual soldering will be tricky.
UPDATE: IC Pack and samples have arrived , flash,eeprom,power sections things came .
from usa, mainchip and ethernet chip has to come from Taiwan and Hong Kong.
Look at the Flash IC box , well packed in antistatic box filled with sponge.

ARM9 BOARD TAKING SHAPE-2 :passives

2010-01-17T11:22:00.000-08:00

This is phase 1:

I am at my office where i work as consultant ..whoa !today passive components have arrived.Means the resistor and capacitors 0402size.
The size presented a hurdle, 0603 components are pretty easy to get .

But finally i got hold of the components. more are there in my tray shelf .
I got passive s for 10 boards for trial build we will take chips 1 pc each . Let the prototype be ready as well toolset .. then may go bulk.

phases of build :

Phase 1: Passives arrives + jacks etc {done}
Phase 2: Active cmp arrives mainly At91rm9200
Phase 3: Solder and test

ARM9Board ...taking shape 1

2010-01-11T00:33:00.000-08:00

The ARM9 board taking shape , at office I got a delivery of 20 PCBS recently... well built FR4 laminate .Green masking applied on both sides , Silver coated pads and vias .

Thanks to my contacts in product industry ..
However the sourcing of the chips is still critical .I am working on it
So far i have been in touch with many middleman
Letz wait and see...

My ARM9 Development board for indian developers

2010-01-06T00:13:00.000-08:00

The Low Cost ARM9 board is here .

I always wanted to bring a low cost solution for indian developers .
A highly capable ARM9 board that can run embedded realtime linux .
with ample amount of memory and provision for future expansion.

Now! Why to pay 40 k for an ARM lab setup with JTAG and all ...my design is just <6K Rs.

The design criteria is fulfilled with AT91RM series ARM9
chip based design . Added 256MB sdRAM,64MB flash,24LC512 eeprom,
can, JTAG , USB serial interface( for laptops this is handy as there is no serial port ), CAN bus transiever, controller . It has a USB host too! there are more interfaces can be added .

There are many online ported versions of linux for the chips as well as develeoper forums /Groups .

Designed during off time and now almost ready :
See the snaps of it :

After working 4 years in embedded product domain , i felt the need of hardware test setup for learning board level porting, device drivers BSP development.
As well as a board that is suitable for my Oscilloscope needs.In the company where I work as consultant need for linux low cost setup was apparent, i got approval to initiate the project for internal usage . Company is willing to go open source for the design, time to materialize the concept!

Possible uses :
> It is full linux development lab ,you can test the device drivers ,Realtime programming, hardware interface,data acquisition, audio interface ...what ever you can imagine.

>a full featured oscilloscope , there are card designs freely available
on net for the input section , write the code + add a graphic LCD .. this is
your storege oscilloscope ... do all the tests you like E.g . View Pulse shape,

>Industrial acquisition system ,security system , embedded webserver,
CNC controller ... remote controller ,touch screen kiosk.
>Torrent downloader with open Wrt ported

There is linux OS on the board so you program as you like . The PCBs will be coming soon . Will update here.

Design your own PCB web tutorial

2009-10-30T02:00:00.000-07:00

Avoid bird nest design for your boards !
Just get a PCB made , the first step is design ...
It is not as hard as you might think:
download :Eagle PCB editor
it is free ,but 1 limitation i.e board size,
as long as you make smaller boards.
And instead of writing full tutorial i am gving links to online tutorials:

It is by sparkfun .com ..a part of the tutorials designed for new builder of electronics circuits

sparkfunPCB Tutorial

Books for ARM processor programming

2009-10-30T01:35:00.000-07:00

Why to learn ARM ?
ARM is the most popular of leading cores of the embedded processors.
it is designed for the specific clients and for different product demands
the processor is added with extra feature.

there is always high demand of skilled manpower who has worked with arm processor and embedded linux .
I recommend few books here you can get as ebooks ,but getting a printed copy is
better and you will get a faster /regular learning from it ..may need to refer the books in later part of your career.
All big giants like sony ,honeywell,philips,nokia,siemens ,HP work on these ARM core based products.

1)ARM System-on-Chip Architecture (2nd Edition)

Desc:The future of the computer and communications industries is converging on mobile information appliances - phones, PDAs, laptops and other devices. The ARM is at the heart of this trend, leading the way in system-on-chip (SoC) development and becoming the processor core of choice for many embedded applications. System-on-chip technology is changing the way we use computers, but it also sets designers the very challenging problem of getting a complex SoC design right first time.

2)The Insider's Guide To The Philips ARM7-Based Microcontrollers
Desc:Book Information:
The ARM7 is set to become the 8051 of the 21st century and already many projects and engineers are moving to it. Long-standing 8051 vendors Philips, are pioneering the use of the small but fast ARM7 core in general purpose devices. The ARM7 is a 32-bit core with some advanced features which 8051 users will not have encountered before. This can result in a steep learning curve when first getting to grips with ARM7-based devices.

Our new 200-page Insider's Guide is a complete introduction to the ARM7-TDMI and the LPC21xx series. It covers all aspects of the family, including the CPU core, peripherals and programming techniques. Each major topic is illustrated with an example program which can be run using the Keil uVISION3 ARM development environment, that is included on the accompanying CD-ROM.

For the development hardware I am working on a board with powerful ARM9 and
all flash,Ram ,jatag,io ports ethernet and usb built in.

Bit torrent downloader from wifi router

2009-10-29T23:36:00.001-07:00

1. The first thing to do is install the 1.0.4.6 custom firmware on your router. K.C. already wrote a nice manual for that. Start reading here: http://wl700g.info/showthread.php?t=7109

2. Telnet into your router (if you didn’t already do that)

3. Now you have all that running you’ll need to install 2 more packages: “screen” and “enhanced-ctorrent”.

Before you install these 2 programs, let me explain what they do:

The screen program is a virtual telnet session to your router. A bit like terminal services on Windows, but then textual based. So you can start a program inside this virtual telnet session, logout and later resume the session (even from another computer). The screen program has been around for a long time and is used for programs that need a long time to run like compiling a big program or to analyse SETI-data. The BitTorrent client is in the same category: It doesn’t require much interaction with the user, but from time to time you want to see the progress.

The enhanced-ctorrent client is a variation on the ctorrent program. The ctorrent program is actually the program that our ASUS router was using. This program was ok for it’s time, but the project is now asleep. Logically the enhanced version is better and still maintained so a much better way to go.

Now you know the 2 programs, it’s time to install them:

4 . The command for this is:

ipkg install screen
ipkg install enhanced-ctorrent

Testing the screen program:
Now you have the programs installed, you can try out the screen program. To start it, just type “screen” (without the quotes). As you see, the program simply starts with a fresh screen in your telnet session. Type a simple command like “ls”, just to get something on the screen.

Now press ctrl+d and ctrl+a

You should now see on your screen “[detached]” and the prompt again. Now you type exit to close your telnet session.

Start again your telnet session and logon to your router. Now type “screen –r” (the R stands for resume) to resume an earlier screen session.

As you can see the output of your earlier ls command is still there, including all the settings etc. So by pressing ctrl+d and ctrl+a again, you’ll detach the screen and “screen –r” you get back to it. If you don’t need the virtual screen anymore, you can simply type “exit” when you are inside the virtual screen and the virtual screen will stop (so no more screen to resume to).

I hope that the above makes it clear how the screen program works and how it is useful for all kind of long running programs.

Testing the enhanced-ctorrent program:
Before we can test this program, we’ll need a torrent file. To test this, find a torrent file that points to something popular and small. Ebooks are usually a good one to use. Download the torrent file with your webbrowser and place it somewhere on your router shared directories.

For example, place the file here: \\WL700gE\Myshare1\Download

(I assume that you are still logged into your router via telnet).

Go to that same directory: cd /shares/MYVOLUME1/MYSHARE1/Download

The enhanced-ctorrent program doesn’t need any complicated parameters to start.

Just type “enhcanced-ctorrent filename.torrent” and the download will start.

The first thing it will do list the content of the torrent file: Which files does it contain.
For all these files it will reserve the space already on your router. If you download for example an ISO file of a DVD, a 4gb file will be made in your hard drive, but will not actually contain anything yet.

At the bottom of the screen, you’ll see something like this:

Already/Total: 0/9 (0%)
Listening on 0.0.0.0:2706

So, you’ve already downloaded 0 of the 9mb of the file (since you just started with it) and that the program is listening on that port for clients.

The next line will be something like:

\ 0/18/0 [1/719/686] 0MB,0MB | 0,0K/s | 0,0K E:0,1

Have a look here (http://www.rahul.net/dholmes/ctorrent/userguide.html) for more details on what this exactly means, but it will give you very basic information and see that the download is in progress. The first character changes from / to – to \ to | just to give you a limited indicator that the process is still alive.

Like most torrent downloads, they seem to work best if you don’t look at them, this is where the screen program comes in.

For now, just press ctrl+c to stop the torrent client. You will now have your prompt again.

Start the screen program and now start the enhanced-ctorrent program again with the same command as before.

The first thing the torrent client will do is to check the file that was earlier downloaded. You’ll see something like this: “Check exist: 3/9”.

Once the entire check has been completed, it will resume the download and will show something like this:

Already/Total: 3/9 (33%)
Listening on 0.0.0.0:2706

The download continues now until it’s completed. Once that is done, it will tell you that on the screen and will still continue to seed for 72 hrs. After that point the program will automatically exit.

You can change the way the enhanced-ctorrent client works with a couple of parameters, this page (http://www.rahul.net/dholmes/ctorrent/userguide.html) will give you the parameters. Specially the upload and download limits would be useful. For example, adding “-U 15 –D 60” will limit your upload to 15 KB/s and download to 60 KB/s.

I hope that you understand how using this program together with screen will help you download stuff on your router without your PC running.

+ - 15 V regulated power supply

2009-10-29T23:23:00.000-07:00

This is useful for small amplifier , op amp projects
Parts :
IC 7815,7915 -1 nos
, 2200uf 35 V - 2 nos
.22uf ceramic/ poly - 2 nos
100uf 25v -2 nos
Verro board -1 no
Transformer 12v -0-12v secondary and 220v /110 V primary
wires for connecting etc

Make a stand alone bit torrent box from a Wifi router

2009-10-22T06:48:00.000-07:00

I am experimenting with new firmware loading on ASUS WL-500g Premium V2 wireless
router .It will do 24 hr pc less bit torrent download..

Updates soon ..

Which controller to go for ATMEL AVR,PIC,ARM?

2009-10-22T06:40:00.000-07:00

For basic usage 8051 is powerful enough for your needs . But if you want to serious stuff like LCD touchscreen ethernet usage ,CMOS sensors then ARM based architectures for a number of reasons:

* They are dropping Al most the same as other low end boards
* They are FULLY 32-bit cores, 8-bit MCU's just don't cut it some times. For example my DVD player from 2002 has an 8052 MCU embedded in it as a front end (remote control reading, On Screen Display etc.). But newer DVD players from what I've been seeing are either using proprietary cores or ARM based cores.
* Also budget wireless chipsets and routers use ARM7 and ARM9 chips (probably to do the WEP/WPA encryption). Well I do know the wifi chipset in the PSP uses an ARM9 based CPU.
* Supported by freeware GNU compilers (GCC for example), makes development rather painless and if you want to code in assembly (GNU assembler really sucks ) then you get free assembler.
* Tons of very cheap devkits available (that operated close to 60Mhz, a 60Mhz ARM is a very powerful chip, definitely could do MP3 decoding)
* And of course, the iPod Nano ( and probably all iPod's) uses ARM as a main CPU.
* The ARM is rapidly gaining ground and with their price going downwards each year, they will soon replace most 8-bit in anything but mundane tasks.

Generally when it comes to MCU's:

PIC - Only use for mundane tasks (keyboard reading, image scanning, etc.) because the single cycle architecture makes this stuff easier.Advantages are like huge project base on net / code.

8051 - Use for more complicated tasks, still a bit limited because of the limited stack space. Handles complicated tasks much more elegantly than PIC.More books
easy to code (for me ! ).. but a bit costly.

ARM7/9 - Use for complicated tasks that require a lot of code (Video players, MP3 players, etc.). Handles complicated tasks very elegantly and efficiently. Better tuned for embedded C programming.Cost vs power wise it is winning the race.
But a bit hard to understand for beginners . Boards come from 50$..
depending on the options required.

Of course I skipped many other great MCU architectures but if you are interested you can find some better ones.

Building DIY enclosure -Part2:body

2009-10-13T22:37:00.000-07:00

Here we
make an cool looking enclosure with body part from a HDD (external) casing.Something like this

steps:
1.If more height is needed Cut the Enclosureas in pic ..separate top and bottom plates
2.fit 2 pieces of MDF ,spraypainterd with aerosol can(very cheap 5$).
3.Drill screw holes with 1$ hand drill on the sides and weo have completed the body
for front you can use aluminum or acrylic piece(easy to cut).See pics below...

SMD Soldering at home

2009-10-09T01:34:00.000-07:00

Most hobbyists are working on small kits layouts .And prefer the through hole
parts.After the projects id done the board looks bulky and needs more space to fit.
Never possible to make card size boards... build needs lott of wiring and connecting
wires .

I suggest why not explore SMD.Yes sourcing components is an issue ,you can use sites
like mouser.com for parts .. before getting into details lets learn Smd soldering at home.
Here are some videos you can refer:

open youtube go through related videos !
Tools needed ,
just tweezers , and a fine tip soldering iron,and a liquid flux.
For pcb try iron on pcb fabrication.

Auzentech X-FI Home Theater 7.1 HDMI 1.3 Combo card

2009-10-09T01:18:00.000-07:00

Many audio video enthusiasts are looking forward to full 8 Channel lossless high resolution audio that delivers all the original audio content recorded and meant to be heard by the end users.
Auzentech recently launched a new HDMI 1.3 combo card in their high end card line up .Whats unique in this card is supports full HDMI 1.3 high resolution audio standards such as Dolby® Digital Plus, Dolby® Digital TrueHD, DTS-HD and Bit streaming with Non Down-Sampling Output capabilities.

Card features are very impressive:
Blu-ray support via Cyberlink's latest PowerDVD application (available separately)
Support for PCM 8 channel, 24-bit/192kHz
24p True Cinema Output
Blu-ray Audio with no downsampling
High bit-rate audio, such as Dolby TrueHD, DTS-HD Master Audio bitstream
Dolby Digital Live for Windows and Vista
DTS Neo:PC & DTS Interactive for Windows Vista
EAX Advanced HD 5.0
NVidia and CyberLink have both joined Auzentech on this project to ensure a full HDMI 1.3 solution via hardware and supporting software. The designers have incorporated video integration in the form of a internal video interface that will exclusively support future NVIDIA graphics cards and a external Video connector that can be used for ATI branded graphics products.

The card is priced at $234 , which is Value For Money!

How to connect HTPC to AVR

2009-10-09T00:59:00.000-07:00

The home theatre PC(HTPC) is immersing as a common entertainment platform.The HTPCs today are equipped with best video audio chips ...connection possibilities,remote etc
making it part of AV gear for living room.

There are different possibilities of getting video and audio from htpc to LCD tv /HD plasma and 5.1 dedicated speakers .

Option one: Feed audio directly to AVR(Audio Video) Reciever with SPDIF optical..
depending on the motherboard the audio will be dolby encodede/dtd pass through or just 2 channel. Video just connect to LCD with HDMI>DVI adapter (very cheap one).
Cons: you cant switch video source unless you have a manual DVI switch
Option Two : Add a graphics card such as ATI 4650 HDMI,You will be able to get 48 Khz 16 Bit 7.1 Channel PCM audio with that. some say If you are not using HDMI exclusively, you are not “using your connection options the best way possible”.
Option three: If you use devices like PS3,HTPC,HDMI dvd players
buy a device like XCM

LCD panel

2009-10-08T14:28:00.000-07:00

LCD panel making Idea
1> Take acrylic ,cut with a hand drill used for PCB drilling
2> File the cut to smoothness
3> for that rough outer ,cut the sheet from back of corporate diary/premium notebook

Done!

LED effect with micro 89c51

2009-10-08T14:18:00.000-07:00

Pretty simple LED effect with a simple code and schematic

#include
#define first P1
#define second P2
//sbit first P1^0
//sbit second P2^0
void wait()
{
int i,j;
for(i=0;i<=1000;i++)
for(j=0;j<=10;j++);
}
main()
{
unsigned int i; /* Delay var */
unsigned char j,m; /* LED var */
while (1)
{
for(m=0x01;m!=0xff;m=m(m<<1))
{
for(i=1;i<=7;i++)
{ /* Loop forever */
for (j=m; j!= 0x00; j<<=i) { /* Blink LED 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 */
P1 = j; /* Output to LED Port */
wait (); /* call wait function */
}
P1=0;
for (j=m; j!=0x00; j<<=i) { /* Blink LED 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 */
P2 = j; /* Output to LED Port */
wait ();
} /* call wait function */
P2=0;
}
}
}
}

schematic :

Quickpost this image to Myspace, Digg, Facebook, and others!

2009-10-08T14:07:00.000-07:00

schematic

Quickpost this image to Myspace, Digg, Facebook, and others!

code working:
If you press any button in the matrix keyboard it controller will scan the corresponding ascii code that will send serially to the port pin specified . Corresponding ascii code we can see in LED blinkings.

#include /*
add the headers here
*/

#define COL P2
#define ROW P1
void msdelay(unsigned int value);
void sertx(unsigned char);
unsigned char keyboard[4][4]={ '7','8','9','/',
'4','5','6','*',
'1','2','3','-',
'a','0','=','+' };

void main()
{
unsigned char colloc,rowloc;
TMOD=0x20;
TH1=-24;
SCON=0x50;
TR1=1;
COL=0xff;
while(1)
{
do
{
ROW=0x00;
colloc=COL;
colloc&=0x0f;
} while(colloc!=0x0f);
do
{
do
{
msdelay(20);
colloc=COL;
colloc&=0x0f;
}while(colloc==0x0f);
msdelay(20);
colloc=COL;
colloc&=0x0f;
} while(colloc==0x0f);
while(1)
{
ROW=0xfe;
colloc=COL;
colloc&=0x0f;
if(colloc!=0x0f)
{
rowloc=0;
break;
}
ROW=0xfd;
colloc=COL;
colloc&=0x0f;
if(colloc!=0x0f)
{
rowloc=1;
break;
}
ROW=0xfb;
colloc=COL;
colloc&=0x0f;
if(colloc!=0x0f)
{
rowloc=2;
break;
}
ROW=0xf7;
colloc=COL;
colloc&=0x0f;
rowloc=3;
break;
}
if(colloc==0x0e)
sertx(keyboard[rowloc][0]);
else if(colloc==0x0d)
sertx(keyboard[rowloc][1]);
else if(colloc==0x0b)
sertx(keyboard[rowloc][2]);
else // (colloc==0x07)
sertx(keyboard[rowloc][3]);
}
}
void sertx(unsigned char x)
{
SBUF=x;
while(TI==0);
msdelay(20);
TI=0;
}
void msdelay(unsigned int value)
{
unsigned int i,j;
for(i=0;i<=1275;i++)
for(j=0;j<=value;j++);
}

Cool front panel for DIY projects -part1

2009-10-08T04:44:00.000-07:00

After long break i am back again ..this time for all hobbyists,DIY people I am adding some tricks for
making a front panel .

Step1: Backlit Logo

Devices like amplifier , D/a converter need a logo panel ...why to put poor looking
popping out led,with a paper sticker below?
Here we go :

1.Print 2 copies of same logo text on butter paper ,letters white,rest black
2.stick them together,to make dark areas dark
3.put smd (surface mount) behind the panel

Result? See the pic above... If you still wanna do a lil more fancy designs.. add a weavy led circuit
with IC 4017..may look even cooler!

Working with I2C bus

2009-04-08T03:07:00.000-07:00

The I2C bus was designed by Philips in the early 80 to allow easy communication between components which reside on the same circuit board. Philips Semiconductors migrated to NXP in 2006. Sometimes the bus is called IIC or I²C bus.

This has features like :

Only two bus lines are required
No strict baud rate requirements like for instance with RS232, the master generates a bus clock
Simple master/slave relationships exist between all components
Each device connected to the bus is software-addressable by a unique address
I2C is a true multi-master bus providing arbitration and collision detection

Operation:

The I2C bus uses two lines called Serial Clock Line (SCL) and Serial Data Lines (SDA). Both lines are pulled high via a resistor (Rpu) as shown in Figure below.

The interface uses 8 bit long bytes, MSB (Most Significant Bit) first, with each device having a unique address. Any device may be a Transmitter or Receiver, and a Master or Slave. The Slave is any device addressed by the Master. A system may have more than one Master, although only one may me active at any time.

Data and clock are sent from the Master: valid while the clock line is high. The link may have multiple Masters and Slaves on the bus, but only one Master may be active at any one time. Slaves may receive or transmit data to the master.

The example shows how to interface I²C with 8051. Use the SDCC as C Compiler.Set P2.6 as SCL and P2.7 as SDA.

Datasheet
I²C-Bus Specification [pdf]
Source Code (For SDCC)
- i2c.h

Interfacing I2c EEPROM

2009-04-08T02:56:00.000-07:00

24LC512 is a 64K x 8 (512 Kbit) Serial EEPROMs(Electrically Erasable), from Microchip Technology Inc. (see the product page). It has been developed for advanced, low-power applications such as personal communications and data acquisition. This device also has a page write capability of up to 128 bytes of data.

This device is capable of both random and sequential reads up to the 512K boundary. Functional address lines allow up to eight devices on the same bus, for up to 4 Mbit address space.

This is an example how to interface 24XXX EEPROMs with 8051. Best way is t0 use SDCC as C Compiler. the abobe schematic will be sufficient .

Datasheet
- 24LC512 [pdf]

co-linux network setup with vista for putty

2009-03-29T00:50:00.000-07:00

there was some problem with co-linux DHCP enabled ,

while i loaded to vista HP , hence i did a static IP setting as follows:

i have created eth1 interface to use the TAP adapter

- i tried with ping ,read the colinux site ,did static IP , all dint work

-i got clue that the TAP will allow access ,using slirp is lil tough

-made a colinux.conf.txt from example.conf.txt added 1 more adapter

with MAC 00:ff:00: ...

-but fedora8 network settings are diffrrent ..sorted out added

/etc/sysconfig/cfg-eth1 ,edited
/etc/sysconfig/cfg-eth1

-in (vista)network connections ,EDITED the "TAP co-linux "adapter properties in IPv4 setting
selected use the following IP :192.168.42.10 netmask 255.255.255.0

- i have disabled the vista firewall .....huh !

finally i was able to ping

vista -------------> 192.168.42.10(TAP)
vista ------------->192.168.42.10(TAP) ---->192.168.42.2(colinux-eth1,new interface)

- added new listen IP 192.168.42.2 to /etc/ssh/sshd_conf
============update TAP Driver======================
original TAP driver with colinux was still giving problem with vista
.(.getting a custom windows driver working fine is always a pain
in ass )
so i removed with a tapcontrol.exe and added new TAP ..from

http://www.henrynestler.com/colinux/tools/

and all seems working fine ...... Huh !

Hope some people will find it useful .

Gtalk Now in this Blog

2009-03-19T12:49:00.000-07:00

On the left side of this blog you see a common messenger : AIM ,Gtalk etc

Select the option from top : enter id pass etc .... start chatting !

No installation needed !

save my blog link...have fun!

Load colinux on Vista Home Primium

2009-02-18T08:29:00.001-08:00

Co- linux runs while vista running ...a full bodied linux ...may practice driver development immediately after boot..no partitioning ,no shutdown reboot required.

the process to install the co-linux is outlined as following:

--Download co-linux intaller exe :small one may be 2mb use ID
Manager.exe to download,from the colinux sourceforge site
---it will prompt for the filesytem image download...
--select c:\coLinux as path
--in the default....Xml file change the paths for img file

if in tht directory img file [>1Gb] is not there [mycase]
then manually download the selfextracting rootfile system,Use IDM

i downloaded Fadora ..6..exe
extract to c:\colinux
will give a img file
---now edit Start-Fedora-6.bat and give proper path for image like
c:/coLinux/...img
save and run the bat file from command prompt

---ignore and allow on warnings

--DONE!

now to get the gcc use

yum install gcc.i386 .... it will download and install the gcc compiler set

Enjoy !

Basics of Linux Device drivers

2009-02-06T00:44:00.000-08:00

As there is lott of demands in the industry for linux professionals, a lott of software engineers have taken the learning path of linux internals as way to a successful career.

Notes: I will periodically update this series of posts,as time becomes available to me.

Resources:

There are various resources available over the internet to assist your learning of driver development.I recommend please go through Linux Device Drivers book by CORBET and RUBINI 3rd Ed ,because this new edition contains updated info related to latest kernel 2.6.x.

Device driver writers are expected to be very proficient in C programming and now-a-days in C++ too so make sure you develop a good practice in coding using these languages.Rest assured I will guide you to have a deep plunge into the oscean of device drivers.

Add image to Myspace, Digg, Facebook, and others!
Device Drivers :
These represent a sofware layer that is mostly used for hardware abstraction.That means the layer provides a unified mechanism to the upper layers irrespective of the underlying hardwares connected to the system.This adds a lott of flexibility in terms of system software design and development.

Ok, letz go straight into the drivers internals ,for a begineer the best part of learning drivers initials i would recommend loading and writing "simple modules".

MODULES [The dynamically loaded drivers]:

To load the driver we use module_init ()and to unload we use module_exit. When the module_init is executed, the first routine is executed as well. The kernel registers the driver by using a registration routine register_chrdev() while loading the module and when unloading the module it uses unregister_chrdev.

Robotics

2008-11-10T00:59:00.000-08:00

Robot Parts In India
http://www.jrobotics.com/ http://triindia.co.in/index.php http://www.nex-robotics.com/ — good communications,rovers dragon fly all they have http://www.robokits.co.in/shop/--the parts and kit at reasonable prices...LPC 2138 ARMboards at just 1000Rs ,pic/AVR boards 600Rs,serial to USB converter link...use ur laptop for developments
Happy	Year End	-->InfoJoy Man

2008-10-29T01:32:00.001-07:00

Ebooks Links
How to Be a People Magnet.pdf-->http://www.esnips.com/doc/2936cf53-76c3-4076-a503-51da51150b9f/How-to-Be-a-People-Magnet---Finding-Friends-and-Lovers-and-Keeping-Them-for-Life Definitive Book Of Body Language.pdf -> http://www.esnips.com/doc/7ae076f0-5211-4e6d-8c87-69d593aa41a5/Definitive-Book-Of-Body-Language Photoshop CS3 For Dummies.pdf-->http://www.esnips.com/doc/5927d516-c28d-476a-86a7-73d4350f717b/Photoshop-CS3-For-Dummies Portrait Drawing . A step by step Art instruction Book -->http://www.esnips.com/doc/c9cbcadc-967a-4e2f-95d1-5b1577004c50/watson-guptill-portrait-drawing-ebook Digital Character Design and Painting The Photoshop CS Edition eBook.chm--->http://www.esnips.com/doc/428b391f-280e-443c-87c6-f1351cacfa5b/Digital-Character-Design-and-Painting-The-Photoshop-CS-Edition-eBook Guitar-lesson book -->http://www.esnips.com/doc/d4538299-c4d0-4bf3-b74a-9a0fe6cb7c2f/guitar-lesson-book Chord Chart --->http://www.esnips.com/doc/08509769-b80a-4f30-9f1f-5e2766e31540/CAGEDCHORDCHART
Happy	Year End	-->InfoJoy Man

dont get phished

2008-10-24T02:15:00.000-07:00

Save yourself from online fraud
hey folks - Have you come across people who has got their passwords stolen ?could not login with old passwords to their bank/orkut/chat application/sites... beware they have been phished! phishing - is the act of stealing valuable information by celver tricks mainly it is exercised online . Have you ever received a bulletin or comment from your friend that you know they did not really send to you? It's probably because "phishing attempt was made " on them and the culprit tried to spam you! You may have been phished yourself and seen messages, comments or bulletins sent from your account. Phishing is a trick people use to steal your email & password. It is not a "security" flaw, and you're not getting "hacked." It can be prevented with the knowledge . some time you will recieve a strange looking mail with a mail that look like your bank has sent . ... there will be a message like "your account has got expired .. please click on the link and fill details " > the link will take you to a place where there will be a form that will ask name /age /oldpassword /old transaction password etc etc never click such links .. if you are not sure just call the call centre and ask your bank . To make sure you don't get phished, you have to understand exactly how it works. Here's the basic idea: It starts with the person trying to phish you making a webpage that looks just like the login page of the website you're trying to use. (In this case,Eg Yourbank.com.) Then the phisher comes up with a creative way to get you to click on the link to that page (maybe by sending you a message or comment saying you should check something out). When you see the link and click it, you are presented with the fake login page created by the phisher. If you enter your info, you've been "phished" - you've fallen for the trick, and they've captured your email and password! The phisher will then start logging in as you until you change your password and lock them out. There is only one easy way to know that you are at the real login page. That's by looking at your browser's address bar--the place you view or type in the URL of the website you want to visit. By looking there, you'll know what website you are actually on at the moment. More to come ....
Happy	Year End	-->InfoJoy Man

Avi Torrent:Watch 40 to 60% downloaded movies

2008-10-22T00:02:00.000-07:00

save time by watching movies at 40 -60% downloaded

How you decide to keep a movie /watch and throw .. after Download is 60% say

Use divfix++ : Download divfix++

it will make 60% downloaded movie to run [smoothly] . yes some minor deleted periods will be there !
use VLc or any player to watch ... if you like that movie ..download full else remove the downloaded .

Have Fun

safe crack sites

2008-10-16T04:08:00.000-07:00

How do you make demo softeware a full one ?
yes you use a crack .

The crack is a piece of software that removes the trial/demo limitation of the software .
Sometimes you need to put a serial number to activate a software ..

You can search in google and get these whatz the big deal , well there are 2 points

1.google will give you lott of sites that contain harmful code to damage your computer, cause to install
spy ware/drop trojan etc etc .
2.Some sites put offensive/porn images so you cant open in office etc places ..

So i decided to give some of the safe sites for crack /serial keys here :
www.smartserials.com

www.keygenguru.com — Popular site with hundreds of thousands of results.

www.serialkey.net

www.zcrack.com

www.subserials.net

www.serialportal.com

supercracks.net

www.serialcrackz.com

www.serials.be

www.cracktop.com

www.cracksfm.com

www.cracklib.net

www.crackdb.org -> this one be careful on the links :)
Stay within each sites’ listings and avoid external links which can be dangerous. Otherwise, these sites listed below are a good resource for cracks, serials and keygens.

TIPS TO DOUBLE LAPTOP BATTERY LIFE

2008-10-13T03:43:00.000-07:00

Notebook Battery Life
Most often used in notebook batteries of two types: lithium ion and nickel-metal Hydride (NiMH).

Your notebook may give you a good freedom feeling on your travels for 3 or even more hours, but once the battery runs out, so does the freedom. If you travel not once a year, keep a spare notebook battery so that you'll never miss a important fair.

A few simple rules can doubled battery life and make them safer:

New battery before normal use must be trained, with a complete charge - discharge of 5-6 cycles / charging. To use the training mode bysroy batteries discharge: unplug the notebook from the wall outlet and turn it on. Use some active programme like scandisk for continuous operation.

Lithium-ion batteries are particularly sensitive to heating. To avoid potential fire them should not be exposed to prolonged direct sunlight, for example, leaving the car in the cabin. Many producers indicate temperature batteries, it is necessary to draw attention to these figures.

Keep always the battery fully charged laptop is not very good idea - for long life and better battery capacity best alternately using a battery and electrical grid.

Storage battery connectors should be kept away from metal objects that can cause a short circuit.

Always use Power Option management for extend battery lifetime, becouse notebook hard drive takes up about 12 to 15 percent of the battery power. Using Power saving optiongs, you can get about half an hour additional notebook running time.

If you do not plan to work with my laptop computer in a few months, it is advisable to remove the battery and store it in a charged at 50%.

If you keep the battery is fully discharged, it will lose its capacity, as if to keep it fully charged - reduced term of battery service.

Most of the batteries must work a minimum of 2 hours. This result can be achieved after battery training. Most laptops have two modes of charging notebook batteries: QUICK - when the computer is connected to the mains, but himself with the disabled (2-3 hours), and SLOW - when battery loaded while notebook is working.

Worlds Smallest Projector

2008-10-06T21:39:00.000-07:00

Imagine you have some spare time , you are at a remote village ....
wanted to watch your favorite movie /video and u just switch on a pocket device
a big screen appears ,and your wall turns a cinema hall!

Well, that technology is available and the Texas Instruments "Pico projector" is going for production.....

It is a small sized projector , recharge , and use anywhere !

The little unit pumps out a WVGA (we think) 1000:1 image, which they found quite satisfactory, in addition to 0.5 watts of sound. The built-in battery should run the thing for a couple of hours.

Tips to improve battery life of an ipod suffle

2008-10-05T23:09:00.000-07:00

What is the battery life of an ipod?
well it is the number of hours the battery is able give a stabe specified voltage during its usage.

You can improve the battery life of an iPod Shuffle by using iTunes effectively, limiting the extras you put in your music and by taking care of the portable music player.

img:ipod suffle clipped
Here i outline some simple tips how to do that :

Step1 ##

Use iTunes to create good playlists. Keep track of your current favorite songs and assemble them together on a small number of lists to limit the amount of fast forwarding and skipping you do. This helps extend the amount of play time that you get from your iPod Shuffle.

Step2##

Allow the iPod Shuffle to fully charge and you will improve the battery life. Lithium ion batteries are rechargeable, to a point. After about 400 charge cycles, the battery may have trouble storing as much charge. Partial charge cycles put the battery one step closer to needing replacement.

Step3##

Avoid putting equalizer settings on the songs you have in iTunes and then load into the iPod Shuffle. Equalizer settings make the iPod Shuffle’s processor do more work. This shortens the amount of play time available before the next recharge.

Step4##

Use the iPod Shuffle frequently. Active use of the portable music player is actually good for the battery life. When you let the player sit for long periods of time, the rechargeable battery may lose some of its ability to hold a charge.

Step5##

Apply compression software to songs you plan on loading into the iPod Shuffle. Smaller file sizes equal less battery usage and that means more play time between charge cycles.

How to Move Music from Your iPod to iTunes Without Extra Software

2008-10-03T05:30:00.000-07:00

Step1

Connect your iPod to a PC running Windows (XP or Vista are your best bets).

Step2

Make sure you can see your hidden files.

In Vista, open any folder and click on the "Organize" button in the toolbar. Click on "Folders" and "Search Options," then select "Show Hidden Files and Folders".

In XP, open Windows Explorer (not the web browser), go to "Tools" on the toolbar and "Folder Options." Select the tab labeled "View" and under "Hidden Files and Folders" click on "Show Hidden Files and Folders."

Step3

Go to "My Computer" in XP's Explorer or "Computer" in Vista's Explorer.

Step4

Click on the iPod.

Step5

Find the Music folder on the iPod by navigating to iPod_Control > Music.

Step6

Copy and paste the entire Music folder & all of its contents on to your computer--make sure you remember the spot where you copied the Music Folder. In the file explorer, Vista will show all the file names, albums & songs, but XP or earlier versions will only show the filenames (like XXYPZ.mp3).

Step7

Launch iTunes.

Step8

Eject and disconnect the iPod. Just click the Eject button next to the iPod in iTunes.

Step9

Go to File> "Add Folder to Library" in iTunes.

Step10

Navigate to the place you copied the Music folder from the iPod.

Step11

Hit the "OK" button. Your songs will be added to your iTunes Library. It may take a while if you have a lot of music, so be patient.

Touch based Nokia 5800 XpressMusic launched!

2008-10-03T05:21:00.000-07:00

Though 5800 XpressMusic will be directly compared with the iPhone 3G ,but surely the addition in the nokia gallery will attract many indians ,
First looks :

the new phone appear with translucent overlay,touch screen and at times appear cluttered.

Network features:
The 5800 XpressMusic supports 3G networks with quad-band GSM/GPRS/EDGE, dual-band WCDMA, HSDPA, WLAN (802.11 b/g), HSCSD, and TCP/IP support.
Touchscreen Input:
The 5800 XpressMusic is a full touchscreen phone with three buttons on the front panel - Talk, Menu control, and End. The 3.2-inch haptic touchscreen display offers a widescreen 640 x 360 pixel resolution, featuring acceleration sensor for Automatic Screen Rotation (ASR) and 3D Image engine. To make the best of touchscreen 5800 features, a 'Media Bar' drop-down menu for easy access to favorite media applications such as music, videos, and photos is provided.
Video and Picture
The phone houses an autofocus 3.2 megapixel camera, Carl Zeiss Tessar lens that offers VGA video recording at 30 fps. The Symbian 5th Edition has a browser capable enough for Flash video streaming, along with H.264, On2 VP6 and Screnson Video Codecs. For that the browser uses a special plug-in based on the new Adobe Flash Lite 3, which is also found in N85
MoreDetails : NokiaSite

i-tunes security loop hole

2008-10-03T05:14:00.000-07:00

happy with i-tunes ,ipod setups ?
Well i have some bad news , oops!
Recently a major security flaw is being detected in the latest versions of Apple's QuickTime and iTunes packages.

According to CNet, the flaw – entered into NIST's National Vulnerability Database with ID CVE-2008-4116 – affects QuickTime 7.5.5 and iTunes 8.0.

The flaw centres around a heap-based buffer overflow which can be exploited via a long-type attribute in a QuickTime tag, either via a maliciously crafted MP4 or MOV video file or embedded within a webpage if the QuickTime browser plugin is installed. As with most buffer overflow vulnerabilities, the flaw can result in mild annoyance – a crash when the program attempts to access memory which is out of bounds – or remote code execution, which is far more serious.

The discovery of this flaw comes shortly after an update was released for issues using iTunes 8 on Windows Vista, and just days after the latest Mac OS X update was made available. Sadly, there's no patch available for this flaw as yet.

If you're hoping for a workaround, the only way to be sure of safety is to avoid using iTunes and QuickTime to play back video and audio files, and to uninstall the QuickTime browser helper component.

Has anyone noticed inexplicable crashes in iTunes over the last few days, or is this likely to be a storm in a teacup and quickly patched by Apple? ..

THEMES FOR MOBILE

2008-10-01T01:02:00.000-07:00

Nokia
Themes

Sony
Ericsson Themes

Motorola Themes

BlackBerry Themes

Siemens Themes

Pocket PC Themes

iPhone Themes

iPod Touch Themes

PDA
Themes

iPod
Themes
Updated !

2008-10-01T00:44:00.000-07:00

Download Mobile Games for all Handsets
Here I am giving you links to download all types of mobile games

Nokia Games	Ericson Games	LG Mobile Games
Bluetooth Games	Windows Mobile	ADD TEXT
Samsung Games	Siemens Games	iPod Games

How is BIG TV DTH Service ?

2008-09-28T22:47:00.000-07:00

choose or not to choose BIG TV ....you decide ... here are the BIG TV Advantages:

* BIG TV is using the MPEG-4 technology which provides more space to carry channels then MEPG2. At the moment BIG TV channels providing 186 TV channels and 10 radio channels. They also have plan to add more then 250 channels in next few months. The MPEG Compression will allow space for much more channels as compared to Dish TV and Tata Sky.

* BIG TV has better picture quality then any other DTH. You can’t find pixellation problems on any channels and really enjoy digital quality. Sounds also better then other DTH providers due it being of Digital Quality, one can honestly say that Big TV can promote true DVD quality pictures as well as DVD quality sound (Although not the best, but still good)

* Their starting offers and packages are better then other DTH and provide more channels. Which will mean we will get more while paying less! Reliance is known to crush the market this way and they’re doing nothing different.

* One of the big advantage of BIG TV is they have all popular channels except Sports channel in their base pack which only cost Rs 175/month. This package contains all of the most popular channels

* You can enjoy crystal clear picture quality with BIG TV.

* You can enjoy 12 channels on one screen with their Select option, which means there will be no more troublesome channel switching.

* During rain, BIG TV’s signals are working better then other DTH and you hardly found Signals loss. This is because Big TV has learned from the experience of Tata Sky and DishTV about how to prevent signal loss in rain.

* You have detailed EPG for 2 days right now and it will be 7 days soon. You will also be able to set reminders for programs seven days in advance so you will never forget or miss another program again!

* You have Toll Free numbers for your help.

How to burn cds with high quality

2008-09-25T03:20:00.000-07:00

Software :
download Audacity :
download cd-ex :
This thread has two parts

1)make mp3 as AUDIO Disc
2)Rip Audio CD to MP3

Part 1:make mp3 as AUDIO Disc
why ? make audio disk ... because :
>
the DVD /CD player will give best Q while playback
>
Hi end CD players do not suport MP3

Steps :

Use audacity
convert mp3 to WAV @ 44.1 Khz 16 bit Redbook standard:
>add tracks 3 at at time >go file ->export multiple->WAV

After this the Audicity will make .wav of the MP3

>Add to the mediaplayer -> burn as Audio Cd
it it shows error ..play tracks ..drag to last ..so that it will get the track length
..try burning again

Part 2)

Use cd-ex to get get the Wav tracks from CD > rename
Burn as in Part 1

ViewSonic22 " LCD with DVD player

2008-09-25T03:05:00.000-07:00

We still haven't been able to shake the ViewSonic dragon from our memory, but we're attempting to move on with our lives by directing our attention (however briefly) to the N2201w. This so-called "3-in-1" LCD TV packs a 22-inch 1,680 x 1,050 resolution panel, a 5-millisecond response time, 1,000:1 contrast ratio and a built-in NTSC / ATSC / QAM TV tuner. You'll also find an integrated DVD player and an HDMI port, and just to prove it really is multifaceted, there's a PC input to boot. No telling if the picture quality is anything to write home about, but the $429 price tag sure is palatable.

DELL pocket projector

2008-09-25T03:02:00.000-07:00

We've been waiting ever patiently for this to get official, and at long last, that Project Projector we saw leaked in July has been revealed. Formally christened the M109S, this 0.8-pound beamer arrives with a native 858 x 600 resolution, a projection distance of up to 94.5-inches and a mercury-free LED light source that lasts up to four years. Moreover, it packs the ability to suck power from a Latitude or Vostro AC adapter if you're caught in a pinch, and yes, it's available today for $499 in the United States. As for the rest of the world, you wait.

Make PCB at home :Low cost way

2008-09-25T02:46:00.000-07:00

In india, a DIY enthusiast faces one common problem that is to get the PCB done.
There are lot of firms that manufacture PCB but the ordered quantity required is very high else order value should be minimum 5 to 6k .

This poses a big problem and also ordering 100/200 pcs of pcb for a experimental project is meaningless. Here I present a guide that will help to fabricate PCBs in quantities of 1-2 pcs at home .

~IRON-ON PCB FABRICATION~
It is based on the fact:

"Laser printers and photocopiers use plastic toner, not ink, to draw images. Toner is the black powder that ends up on your clothes and desk when replacing the printer cartridge. Being plastics, toner is resistant to etching solutions used for making PCBs - if only you could get it on copper!"

Source : Documento senza titolo

Material :

plain copper clad board : mostly available in cities

Photo glossy paper : used for printing greetings ,invites .available at stationary shops
[5/- Rs a sheet approx]
laser printer : to print the layout
PCB design software : Eagle [free version]
or Express Pcb or Free PCB
One cloth Iron
Steel wool: availableas utensil cleaner ,Kitchen scrubs

A hand drill for PCB drilling .

Chemicals: Ferric chloride [for etching],
HCL[optional - just as accelerator] -usually the acid is available as bathroom cleaner

Soap , plastic tray/bucket

The text here is a quick summery of the procedure .

> Design :Use PCB Design Software :
alternatives are
Eagle free: has some limitation as per component count
Express PCB :Free easy to use, i preferred to use this one !
it will alow you to print the layout , Use a virtual PDF printer like
pdf 995 . get the pdf , you can take the same to the neighboring printing
shop where you can get a laser print .

Note that it may add some dots in the final print , these can be later scratched out from the board.
>Printing: the design should be printed on the photo glossy paper ,try many types to choose the most suitable one.

> Board cleaning: never touch the board copper side ! ....first scratch the copper sid ewith steel wool till it gets clean and shiny
>Iron on: Important : place the the glossy paper where you printed the design over the copper side, so that it doesn't move,u can use clips.
heat the iron at max setting , Iron over the paper side 3-4 time , press hard doing so.

>Remove :As the paper sticks to the board , let it cool ,put in water ,let it absorb water .now slowly rub the paper and the paper goes away leaving the tracks

>Etch the till you get your PCB:
Now take 20/30 g ferric chloride mix with water just enough to dip the board on the plastic tray.
place the board on the mixture and leave it for 8 /9 hours apporx.

if you have the diluted HCL add it a little , this will accelerate the task and will take 4 hours approx .

After etching remove the black ink by scratching with steel wool etc. Your board is ready now!.

Use the hand drill to make the holes , this is a tedious task as one has to drill 70-300 holes depending upon the board !!
In case you stay at a place where you cant get the materials

you can use the PCB making kit is being sold by vegakit[do a google] .

what is Hot plug in Linux

2008-09-25T02:35:00.001-07:00

Just like windows Plug n Play ,
"Hotplugging" today is mainly "dispatch device events from the kernel to
userland" and not only loading modules. If you only need to autoload
modules, you can do this with one damn simple generic binary or script
pluggged into /sbin/hotplug.
But if you need to hook into event to notify system daemons or run
programs for specific devices, forget the whole old hotplug package
and /sbin/hotplug and run the udev daemon and specify rules to plug into
the device events.

Writing a script to simulate the hot plug for linux USB

2008-09-25T02:32:00.001-07:00

Writing a script to simulate the hot plug for linux USB

Here is a script you can use ...

Give name myusbmonitor

# to run $>myusbmonitor 1 / $>myusbmonitor 0

#!/bin/sh
#Description: A prototype script to demonstrate insertion/removal any usb device \
using udev frame work of linux #
#Note: Use this script when you have following lines to \
/etc/udev/rules.d/50-udev.rules #
# ##Added by Manjunathan Padua
ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="usb_device", RUN+="/sbin/myusbmonitor 0"
ACTION=="remove", SUBSYSTEM=="usb_device", RUN+="/sbin/myusbmonitor 1"
#

if [ $1 -eq "0" ]; then
echo "usb was inserted into the PC " >> /tmp/usb ; #log the usb found event
else
echo "usb was removed from the PC" >> /tmp/usb ; #log the usb removal event
fi

Linux system programming : linux kernel concurrency

2008-09-25T02:29:00.001-07:00

The main difference of kernel threads with user space processes
is concurrency !

user space programs run from the beginning to
the end, without any need to worry about what else might be happening to.
But for kernel drivers ,naturally, Linux systems
run multiple processes, more than one of which can be trying to use your driver
at the same time. Most devices are capable of interrupting the processor; interrupt
handlers run asynchronously and can be invoked at the same time.
Because of this Linux kernel code, including driver code, must be reentrant—it must be
capable of running in more than one context at the same time.

Linux system programming : Differences between User Space and Kernel Space

2008-09-25T02:14:00.000-07:00

Here we list a few :
>userspace :the processor regulates direct access to hardware
and unauthorized access to memory.

>kernel space : access to the hardware is possible directly , depends upon previledge levels

> both have different address space

>user spece request is translaetd to a system call that lets the processor to switch mode to
enter the kernel space , here kernel threads handle the execution

> exceptions in user space are less fatal .. while kenel space exceptions will kill the process

>kernel space supports module load /unload

Minesweeper -flash version

2008-09-15T01:48:00.000-07:00

****
PLAY MINESWEEPER HERE
- CLICK ON START
-NEEDS FLASH PLUGIN
*****

anisotropic strip LCD zebra

2008-07-23T21:24:00.000-07:00

The anisotropic strip on the LCD is technically known as an elastromeric connector, but usually referred to as a zebra strip. If you examine it closely under a strong magnifying glass or a low power microscope, you’ll see alternating bands of conductive and insulating material, usually something like graphite loaded rubber for the conductive material and unloaded rubber for the insulating material. The graphite loaded rubber gives that portion of the strip a darker colour. Thus, you have alternating light and dark bands, similar to what a zebra looks like.

2008-07-17T22:34:00.001-07:00

The Physics of Electric Guitar Pickups

Electric guitar pickups are devices that are used to create an electric current corresponding to the mechanical vibration of the steel strings on a guitar. Electric guitar pickups are often considered to be similar in operation to microphone, but pickups and microphones are, indeed, different devices. A microphone has a small diaphragm that is vibrated by sound waves, a permanent magnet, and a wire coil that is attached to the diaphragm and moves inside the magnetic field of the magnet. An electric guitar pickup, on the other hand, has the coil wound around the permanent magnet and a steel string that moves within the magnetic field of the permanent magnet.
In both cases, a change in magnetic flux (a measure of the magnetic field strength) through the coil induces a current in the coil. The major difference between the two is that only the vibration of the steel strings is picked up by the electric guitar pickup, not sound. This leads to some distinct advantages in amplification: random sounds and actions cannot be heard through the amplifiers when electric guitar pickups are used rather than microphones.
The pages that are linked to this one more thoroughly explain the theory behind the concept as well as the use of electric guitar pickups

The Theory Behind Electric Guitar Pickups

An electric guitar pickup primarily consists of a coil of wire called a bobbin and a permanent magnet placed underneath each guitar string:

One pole (or a pole piece) extends upward through the bobbin, and the string is positioned immediately over the top of the pole piece. Each bobbin and pole piece is underneath each string, and usually, all of the pickups share one magnet and merely have different pole pieces.

The guitar string is primarily steel, with the heavier strings usually being nickel wound (on a normal six string electric, the heaviest three are wound and the lightest three are single strands). The movement of the ferromagnetic substance (the guitar string) in the magnetic field of the permanent magnet causes the flux through the bobbin to change. Since the bobbin is a good conductor, the change in magnetic flux is opposed in the bobbin by the induction of an alternating current. The change in magnetic field that is created from the AC current is opposite to that of the change in magnetic field in the bobbin. This is created due to a principle known as Lenz's Law. The reason for the induction of an alternating current in the bobbin rather than a direct current is due to the motion of the of the string: the string moves both towards and away from the pole piece of the pickup in the same way that the voltage of an AC current increases and decreases (switches directions).
The movement of the strings that is most relevant to the production of the signal by the pickups is the movement of the string towards and away from the pole piece (vertically in the illustration above). The strings actually move more typically in a rotating elliptical path, but for simplified purposes, they are considered to move in two different directions: vertically and horizontally. In the vertical movement of the strings, the magnetic flux increases as the strings get closer to the body of the guitar and then decreases while the strings move farther away from the body. A change in magnetic flux is also caused by the horizontal movement of the strings, but this does not produce the same signal: the string, starting from the farthest distance to either side, moves towards the center and then away, and then back towards the center and then away. In this short cycle, the flux switches back and forth twice (increases, decreases, increases, decreases). The musical importance of this is that the signal produced has a frequency twice as high as in the case of the vertical motion of the string. Just from this, it can be noted that the sound produced by a guitar is not just a simple first harmonic wave formation, but a much more complicated interaction. If the patterns of vibration of the strings are included in the discussion, then the produced signal becomes even more complicated.

web resources for begineers in embedded

2008-07-02T21:52:00.000-07:00

Link	Description
About *WEBster***	A description of this site, contact information, and other useful information about Webster.
Art of Assembly Book	The most popular on-line assembly language reference in the world! Join the thousands and thousands of people who've discovered the fastest and easiest way to learn assembly language programming!
High Level Assembly SourceForge Download Page	The evolution of assembly language! Now you can write real assembly language programs without all the disadvantages of writing code in assembly language. Now you can write applications in true assembly code as efficiently as writing code in a high-level language.
NEW! The HLA Standard Library v3.x SourceForge Download Page	The most popular component of the High Level Assembler (HLA) has always been the HLA Standard Library. Check out the brand-new, revamped and improved, version of the HLA Standard Library!
Assemblers and Tools	There are many x86 assembly language development tools available for the PC assembly language programmer. This page describes several of the more popular tools available.
Windows Assembly	Want to learn how to write Windows GUI apps in assembly language? This is the place to learn.
Linux Assembly	Want to learn how to write Linux applications and device drivers in assembly language? This is the place to learn.
Assembly Articles & Documentation	Various articles and reference material for x86 assembly language programmers.
Links	Links to other sites featuring assembly language programs.
Write Great Code	All about Randy Hydes "Write Great Code" series.
Assembly WebRings	Links to other assembly language websites on the "Assembly Webring"
Christian Resources & Parodeities	Christian parodies and other goodies.

MY double D contd..

2008-06-26T21:49:00.000-07:00

DAY 2
9:38 AM 6/27/2008 >
yesterday the following were purchased
-Capacitor box , all the reqd pf s , it was lacking some of the reqd values
soo i added the values ..
still some are missing line 47kpf etc ,plan to purchase today ...
-IC CD 4049 , L -FETs j112 [as a replace ment for the J109 ] ,vendor told it should match the
actual one upto 90%
-Ribbon wire 6 core , 1 mtr , for the pots ,
-Mic jack and socket , for testing phase i am using a cheap mic jack 10 Rs and Mic socket :)
-Electorlytics 10uf and 4.7uf ,diodes 1N4007 [for the soldering iron ..heh not part of original double d]
-A cutter and Stripper , to be used wire and leg cutter
-A soap box ...wait its a temporary cabinet to hold the SIX POTS ,and the mic jack ..battery etc what so-ever

- also a thin soap box is . easy to drill ... with the mosquito coils ..my new trick

The already exiting parts
- resistor box , still some missing values like 1 M , 2.2 M , 220K etc
soo i have to add today
-solder materials
-hook up wire , wires with one solid strand
-favicol, see below

-Added the components to the board [yellow verro board for a test run]

The disaster ..
My cheap [25 rs] soldering iron died !
- so i i just the componets are added to the verro board as per the plan in the website ,
This saves time !

- and i used *favicol* to hold them in place as i could not solder the components
[usually after the legs are bent and shortened they tend to fall out and if it happens will be a bigg trouble ]
-finally i was able to visualize how the assembled circuit will look after it is done

to do:
-Buy a good soldering iron , missing parts ,extra solder wires , shielded wires
-then the solder the board
-solder the ribbons to the pots ,fot in the soap box
-test by connecting to the pocket AMP
(...my secret tiny amp ..runs on 9V battery )

-Add a killer looking final cabinet ..keep watching

DIY distortion unit for guiter-MY Double D

2008-06-26T21:46:00.000-07:00

Project Log :
--------------------------------

Name: My Double D

--------------------------------

--------------------------------

The Idea :

--------------------------------

I wanted to make a decent distortion pedal for my guitar , at a lesser expense .
Also wanted some thing of small foot print.
Online i got good reviews for the Double D . The simple design looked great ,
component count was less and .only 1 chip! CD 4049 ... power packed with six
inverters .

The URL :http://www.runoffgroove.com/doubled.html
Then i checked the sound clips ..online both modes sounded as pretty nice .
The kit should not cost more than 180Rs. leaving the cabinet and accessories .

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

DAY 1

12:46 PM 6/26/2008>
[Thursday]

-today is the first day
i just did the shopping[sp road] .. i hope all components are in stock
components alone<>
-getting the J-FETs was a pain ..i replaced the J109 with J 112

-i have laid one white paper on floor, placed the parts ..checked
taken the pictures
-read the runoffgroove.com author's page on my laptop

Interfacing DC motors with microcontroller

2008-06-17T02:54:00.000-07:00

DC motors are always preffered over stepper motors. There are many things which you can do with your DC motor when interfaced with a microcontroller.

in this tutorial we will learn to interfacing a DC motor with a microcontroller. Usually H-bridge is preffered way of interfacing a DC motor. These days many IC manufacturers have H-bridge motor drivers available in the market like L293D is most used H-Bridge driver IC. H-bridge can also be made with the help of trasistors and MOSFETs etc.

►Working Theory of H-Bridge The name "H-Bridge" is derived from the actual shape of the switching circuit which control the motoion of the motor. It is also known as "Full Bridge". Basically there are four switching elements in the H-Bridge as shown in the figure below.
As you can see in the figure above there are four switching elements named as "High side left", "High side right", "Low side right", "Low side left". When these switches are turned on in pairs motor changes its direction accordingly. Like, if we switch on High side left and Low side right then motor rotate in forward direction, as current flows from Power supply through the motor coil goes to ground via switch low side right. This is shown in the figure below.

Similarly, when you switch on low side left and high side right, the current flows in opposite direction and motor rotates in backward direction. This is the basic working of H-Bridge. We can also make a small truth table according to the switching of H-Bridge explained above.

Truth Table

**Please Download the Image to see clearly >>> as some problem with the format uploaded ****
Motor stops or deceleratesAs already said, H-bridge can be made with the help of trasistors as well as MOSFETs, the only thing is the power handling capacity of the circuit. If motors are needed to run with high current then lot of dissipation is there. So head sinks are needed to cool the circuit. Now you might be thinkin why i did not discuss the cases like High side left on and Low side left on or high side right on and low side right on. Clearly seen in the diagra, you don't want to burn your power supply by shorting them. So that is why those combinations are not discussed in the truth table. So we have seen that using simple switching elements we can make our own H-Bridge, or other option we have is using an IC based H-bridge driver. Both of them are discussed in the next section of the tutoria

Nokia dot Matrix LCD Interfacing with 89c51( 8051 core)

2008-05-20T20:57:00.000-07:00

The Nokia 3310 LCD is based on a PCD8544 48x84 pixels matrix LCD controller

Pin Diagram given above ..
Schematic:

----------------------------

AT89C51 PROGRAM CODE

;Program for Nokia 3310 LCD PCD8544 48x84 pixel

SCK BIT P1.7
SDIN BIT P1.6
D_C BIT P1.5
SCE BIT P1.4
RES BIT P1.3

ORG 0000H
AJMP MAIN
ORG 0030H
MAIN:
MOV SP,#60H
MOV P1,#00H
CLR C
CALL RESET
CALL LCD_INIT
HERE:
CALL CLEAR_RAM
MOV DPTR,#MESSAGE
CALL LCD_STRING
CALL DELAYS
CALL CLEAR_RAM
MOV DPTR,#IMAGE
CALL DISPLAY
CALL DELAYS
AJMP HERE

DELAYS: ;1s DELAY
MOV R5,#10
D1:
CALL DELAY
DJNZ R5,D1
RET

DELAY: ;100ms DELAY
SETB PSW.4
MOV R7,#200
HDH:
MOV R6,#100
HD: NOP
NOP
NOP
DJNZ R6,HD
DJNZ R7,HDH
CLR PSW.4
RET

RESET: ; RESET
SETB SCE
SETB RES
CLR RES
CALL DELAY
SETB RES
RET

LCD_INIT: ;INITALIZE LCD
MOV DPTR,#LCDCODE1
CALL LCD_IN
CALL CLEAR_RAM
MOV R1,#00H ;Y
MOV R2,#00H ;X
CALL CURSOR
RET

LCD_IN:
MOV A,#00H
MOV R6,#00H
LOOP3:
INC R6
MOVC A,@A+DPTR
CJNE A,#2FH,NEXT3
RET
NEXT3:
CALL LCD_COM
MOV A,R6
AJMP LOOP3

DISPLAY: ;DISPLAY IMAGE
MOV R7,#06H
DO: PUSH DPL
PUSH DPH
MOV R6,#84
BACK:
MOV A,#00H
MOVC A,@A+DPTR
CALL ROTATE
CALL LCD_DATA
CALL IN_DP
DJNZ R6,BACK
POP DPH
POP DPL
INC DPTR
DJNZ R7,DO
RET

IN_DP:
MOV R5,#06H
GO1: INC DPTR
DJNZ R5,GO1
RET

ROTATE:
CLR C
MOV R3,#8H
ROT:
RLC A
MOV 53H,A
PUSH 53H
MOV A,R1
RRC A
MOV R1,A
POP 53H
MOV A,53H
DJNZ R3,ROT
MOV A,R1
RET

LCD_COM: ;ROUTINE TO SEND LCD COMMAND
CLR D_C
CLR SCE
NOP
CALL CLOCK_DATA
SETB SCE
NOP
RET

LCD_DATA: ;ROUTINE TO SEND LCD DATA
SETB D_C
CLR SCE
NOP
CALL CLOCK_DATA
NOP
SETB SCE
RET

CLOCK_DATA: ;ROUTINE FOR SPI
CLR C
MOV R5,#08
HERE1:
CLR SCK
RLC A
MOV SDIN,C
SETB SCK
DJNZ R5,HERE1
RET

CURSOR: ;SET DISPLAY CURSOR
MOV A,R1 ;Y POINTER
ANL A,#07H
ORL A,#40H
CALL LCD_COM
MOV A,R2 ;X POINTER
ANL A,#7FH
ORL A,#80H
CALL LCD_COM
RET

CLEAR_RAM: ;CLEAR RAM
MOV R1,#00H
MOV R2,#00H
CALL CURSOR
CLR C
MOV R6,#06
LOOP:
MOV R7,#84
LOOP1:
MOV A,#00H
CALL LCD_DATA
DJNZ R7,LOOP1
DJNZ R6,LOOP
RET

LCD_STRING: ;ROUTINE TO DISPLAY MESSAGE
MOV A,#0H
MOV 50H,#0H
NEXT:
INC 50H
MOVC A,@A+DPTR
CJNE A,#2FH,NEXT1
RET
NEXT1:
CALL TABLE_PTR
MOV A,#00H
CALL LCD_DATA
MOV A,50H
AJMP NEXT

TABLE_PTR:

PUSH DPL
PUSH DPH

MOV DPTR,#TABLE
MOV B,#05H
MUL AB
SUBB A,#0A0H
JNC HERE2
DEC B
HERE2:
MOV R4,A
CJNE R4,#00H,L1
AJMP L3
L1: INC DPTR
DJNZ R4,L1
L3:
CLR C
MOV R4,B
CJNE R4,#00H,L2
AJMP L4
L2: INC DPH
DJNZ R4,L2
L4:
MOV R6,#00H
MOV A,#00H
NEXT2:
INC R6
MOVC A,@A+DPTR
CALL LCD_DATA
MOV A,R6
CJNE R6,#05H,NEXT2
POP DPH
POP DPL
RET

LCDCODE1:
DB 21H
DB 90H
DB 07H
DB 13H
DB 20H
DB 09H
DB 08H
DB 0CH
DB 2FH

MESSAGE: DB " GOOD DAY !/" ;Max. character 14 per message

TABLE: ;HEX ARRAY TO DISPLAY CHARACTERS
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H, ; 20 space
DB 000H,000H,05fH,000H,000H, ; 21 !
DB 000H,007H,000H,007H,000H, ; 22 "
DB 014H,07fH,014H,07fH,014H, ; 23 #
DB 024H,02aH,07fH,02aH,012H, ; 24 $
DB 023H,013H,008H,064H,062H, ; 25 %
DB 036H,049H,055H,022H,050H, ; 26 &
DB 000H,005H,003H,000H,000H, ; 27 '
DB 000H,01cH,022H,041H,000H, ; 28 (
DB 000H,041H,022H,01cH,000H, ; 29 )
DB 014H,008H,03eH,008H,014H, ; 2a *
DB 008H,008H,03eH,008H,008H, ; 2b +
DB 000H,050H,030H,000H,000H, ; 2c ,
DB 008H,008H,008H,008H,008H, ; 2d -
DB 000H,060H,060H,000H,000H, ; 2e .
DB 020H,010H,008H,004H,002H, ; 2f /
DB 03eH,051H,049H,045H,03eH, ; 30 0
DB 000H,042H,07fH,040H,000H, ; 31 1
DB 042H,061H,051H,049H,046H, ; 32 2
DB 021H,041H,045H,04bH,031H, ; 33 3
DB 018H,014H,012H,07fH,010H, ; 34 4
DB 027H,045H,045H,045H,039H, ; 35 5
DB 03cH,04aH,049H,049H,030H, ; 36 6
DB 001H,071H,009H,005H,003H, ; 37 7
DB 036H,049H,049H,049H,036H, ; 38 8
DB 006H,049H,049H,029H,01eH, ; 39 9
DB 000H,036H,036H,000H,000H, ; 3a :
DB 000H,056H,036H,000H,000H, ; 3b ;
DB 008H,014H,022H,041H,000H, ; 3c <
DB 014H,014H,014H,014H,014H, ; 3d =
DB 000H,041H,022H,014H,008H, ; 3e >
DB 002H,001H,051H,009H,006H, ; 3f ?
DB 032H,049H,079H,041H,03eH, ; 40 @
DB 07eH,011H,011H,011H,07eH, ; 41 A
DB 07fH,049H,049H,049H,036H, ; 42 B
DB 03eH,041H,041H,041H,022H, ; 43 C
DB 07fH,041H,041H,022H,01cH, ; 44 D
DB 07fH,049H,049H,049H,041H, ; 45 E
DB 07fH,009H,009H,009H,001H, ; 46 F
DB 03eH,041H,049H,049H,07aH, ; 47 G
DB 07fH,008H,008H,008H,07fH, ; 48 H
DB 000H,041H,07fH,041H,000H, ; 49 I
DB 020H,040H,041H,03fH,001H, ; 4a J
DB 07fH,008H,014H,022H,041H, ; 4b K
DB 07fH,040H,040H,040H,040H, ; 4c L
DB 07fH,002H,00cH,002H,07fH, ; 4d M
DB 07fH,004H,008H,010H,07fH, ; 4e N
DB 03eH,041H,041H,041H,03eH, ; 4f O
DB 07fH,009H,009H,009H,006H, ; 50 P
DB 03eH,041H,051H,021H,05eH, ; 51 Q
DB 07fH,009H,019H,029H,046H, ; 52 R
DB 046H,049H,049H,049H,031H, ; 53 S
DB 001H,001H,07fH,001H,001H, ; 54 T
DB 03fH,040H,040H,040H,03fH, ; 55 U
DB 01fH,020H,040H,020H,01fH, ; 56 V
DB 03fH,040H,038H,040H,03fH, ; 57 W
DB 063H,014H,008H,014H,063H, ; 58 X
DB 007H,008H,070H,008H,007H, ; 59 Y
DB 061H,051H,049H,045H,043H, ; 5a Z
DB 000H,07fH,041H,041H,000H, ; 5b [
DB 002H,004H,008H,010H,020H, ; 5c Yen Currency Sign
DB 000H,041H,041H,07fH,000H, ; 5d ]
DB 004H,002H,001H,002H,004H, ; 5e ^
DB 040H,040H,040H,040H,040H, ; 5f _
DB 000H,001H,002H,004H,000H, ; 60 `
DB 020H,054H,054H,054H,078H, ; 61 a
DB 07fH,048H,044H,044H,038H, ; 62 b
DB 038H,044H,044H,044H,020H, ; 63 c
DB 038H,044H,044H,048H,07fH, ; 64 d
DB 038H,054H,054H,054H,018H, ; 65 e
DB 008H,07eH,009H,001H,002H, ; 66 f
DB 00cH,052H,052H,052H,03eH, ; 67 g
DB 07fH,008H,004H,004H,078H, ; 68 h
DB 000H,044H,07dH,040H,000H, ; 69 i
DB 020H,040H,044H,03dH,000H, ; 6a j
DB 07fH,010H,028H,044H,000H, ; 6b k
DB 000H,041H,07fH,040H,000H, ; 6c l
DB 07cH,004H,018H,004H,078H, ; 6d m
DB 07cH,008H,004H,004H,078H, ; 6e n
DB 038H,044H,044H,044H,038H, ; 6f o
DB 07cH,014H,014H,014H,008H, ; 70 p
DB 008H,014H,014H,018H,07cH, ; 71 q
DB 07cH,008H,004H,004H,008H, ; 72 r
DB 048H,054H,054H,054H,020H, ; 73 s
DB 004H,03fH,044H,040H,020H, ; 74 t
DB 03cH,040H,040H,020H,07cH, ; 75 u
DB 01cH,020H,040H,020H,01cH, ; 76 v
DB 03cH,040H,030H,040H,03cH, ; 77 w
DB 044H,028H,010H,028H,044H, ; 78 x
DB 00cH,050H,050H,050H,03cH, ; 79 y
DB 044H,064H,054H,04cH,044H, ; 7a z
DB 000H,008H,036H,041H,000H, ; 7b <
DB 000H,000H,07fH,000H,000H, ; 7c
DB 000H,041H,036H,008H,000H, ; 7d >
DB 010H,008H,008H,010H,008H, ; 7e Right Arrow ->
DB 078H,046H,041H,046H,078H ; 7f Left Arrow <-

IMAGE: ;HEX ARRAY FOR IMAGE

DB 000H,000H,0fdH,000H,000H,080H,
DB 000H,007H,0ffH,000H,001H,000H,
DB 000H,00fH,0ffH,086H,002H,000H,
DB 000H,01fH,0ffH,0f9H,004H,000H,
DB 000H,03fH,0ffH,0fcH,084H,000H,
DB 000H,03fH,0ffH,0fcH,0c4H,000H,
DB 000H,07fH,0ffH,0feH,03cH,001H,
DB 000H,07fH,0ffH,0feH,014H,002H,
DB 000H,07fH,0ffH,0feH,00bH,006H,
DB 000H,07fH,0ffH,0ffH,008H,01aH,
DB 000H,07fH,0ffH,0feH,00cH,002H,
DB 000H,07fH,0ffH,0ffH,006H,004H,
DB 000H,07fH,0ffH,0feH,003H,0f8H,
DB 000H,07fH,0ffH,0feH,003H,0f8H,
DB 000H,03fH,0ffH,0feH,003H,0fcH,
DB 000H,03fH,0ffH,0fcH,003H,0f8H,
DB 000H,01fH,0ffH,0fcH,001H,0fcH,
DB 000H,00fH,0ffH,0f8H,001H,0fcH,
DB 000H,007H,0ffH,0f0H,001H,0fcH,
DB 000H,001H,0ffH,0e0H,001H,0fcH,
DB 0e0H,000H,0ffH,0fcH,001H,0fcH,
DB 0f0H,003H,0ffH,0efH,001H,0fcH,
DB 0f8H,007H,0ffH,081H,0c1H,0fcH,
DB 0fcH,00fH,0feH,000H,061H,0fcH,
DB 0feH,03fH,0fcH,000H,030H,0fcH,
DB 0feH,03fH,0fcH,000H,018H,0fcH,
DB 0ffH,07fH,0f8H,000H,00cH,0fcH,
DB 0ffH,0ffH,0f8H,000H,006H,0fcH,
DB 0ffH,0ffH,0f8H,000H,002H,0feH,
DB 0ffH,0ffH,0f8H,000H,003H,0feH,
DB 0ffH,0ffH,0f8H,000H,001H,0feH,
DB 0ffH,0ffH,0f8H,020H,007H,0feH,
DB 0ffH,0ffH,0f8H,020H,001H,0feH,
DB 0ffH,0ffH,0fcH,03cH,008H,07eH,
DB 0ffH,0ffH,0fcH,027H,0ffH,03eH,
DB 0ffH,0ffH,0feH,011H,0ffH,09eH,
DB 0ffH,0c0H,00fH,000H,07fH,0cfH,
DB 0ffH,080H,001H,080H,03fH,0efH,
DB 0ffH,000H,000H,080H,00fH,0cfH,
DB 0f6H,000H,000H,000H,00fH,0dfH,
DB 0c2H,000H,000H,000H,007H,09fH,
DB 002H,060H,000H,000H,003H,0bfH,
DB 003H,040H,0bfH,000H,001H,03fH,
DB 001H,081H,003H,0c0H,001H,07fH,
DB 001H,082H,007H,0e0H,001H,0ffH,
DB 001H,0c0H,003H,0e0H,000H,0ffH,
DB 000H,0f1H,080H,0c0H,000H,0ffH,
DB 000H,078H,03fH,000H,000H,0ffH,
DB 000H,07eH,000H,004H,000H,0ffH,
DB 000H,030H,000H,008H,000H,0feH,
DB 000H,018H,0dfH,0b0H,000H,0feH,
DB 000H,00cH,087H,0e0H,000H,0feH,
DB 000H,003H,023H,0e0H,001H,0feH,
DB 000H,000H,0faH,0c0H,001H,0feH,
DB 000H,000H,01fH,0c0H,003H,0feH,
DB 000H,000H,000H,040H,003H,0feH,
DB 000H,000H,007H,0f0H,007H,0feH,
DB 000H,000H,01eH,0f8H,00dH,0feH,
DB 000H,000H,018H,038H,01bH,0faH,
DB 000H,000H,019H,0f8H,063H,0f1H,
DB 000H,000H,01fH,0ffH,0c3H,0f0H,
DB 000H,000H,00fH,0e0H,003H,0f0H,
DB 000H,000H,002H,000H,003H,0f0H,
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,003H,0f0H,
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,003H,0f0H,
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,
DB 0feH,000H,07cH,0feH,0feH,0c0H,
DB 070H,000H,082H,010H,092H,020H,
DB 00eH,0feH,082H,020H,092H,01eH,
DB 070H,000H,082H,058H,092H,020H,
DB 0feH,000H,044H,086H,000H,0c0H,
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,
DB 000H,000H,000H,000H,000H,000H

Output

What is the difference between a von Neumann architecture and a Harvard architecture?

2008-05-19T02:50:00.000-07:00

Applies to: All Processor Cores
Harvard architecture has separate data and instruction busses, allowing transfers to be performed simultaneously on both busses. A von Neumann architecture has only one bus which is used for both data transfers and instruction fetches, and therefore data transfers and instruction fetches must be scheduled - they can not be performed at the same time.
It is possible to have two separate memory systems for a Harvard architecture. As long as data and instructions can be fed in at the same time, then it doesn't matter whether it comes from a cache or memory. But there are problems with this. Compilers generally embed data (literal pools) within the code, and it is often also necessary to be able to write to the instruction memory space, for example in the case of self modifying code, or, if an ARM debugger is used, to set software breakpoints in memory. If there are two completely separate, isolated memory systems, this is not possible. There must be some kind of bridge between the memory systems to allow this.
Using a simple, unified memory system together with a Harvard architecture is highly inefficient. Unless it is possible to feed data into both busses at the same time, it might be better to use a von Neumann architecture processor.
Use of caches
At higher clock speeds, caches are useful as the memory speed is proportionally slower. Harvard architectures tend to be targeted at higher performance systems, and so caches are nearly always used in such systems.
Von Neumann architectures usually have a single unified cache, which stores both instructions and data. The proportion of each in the cache is variable, which may be a good thing. It would in principle be possible to have separate instruction and data caches, storing data and instructions separately. This probably would not be very useful as it would only be possible to ever access one cache at a time.
Caches for Harvard architectures are very useful. Such a system would have separate caches for each bus. Trying to use a shared cache on a Harvard architecture would be very inefficient since then only one bus can be fed at a time. Having two caches means it is possible to feed both buses simultaneously....exactly what is necessary for a Harvard architecture.
This also allows to have a very simple unified memory system, using the same address space for both instructions and data. This gets around the problem of literal pools and self modifying code. What it does mean, however, is that when starting with empty caches, it is necessary to fetch instructions and data from the single memory system, at the same time. Obviously, two memory accesses are needed therefore before the core has all the data needed. This performance will be no better than a von Neumann architecture. However, as the caches fill up, it is much more likely that the instruction or data value has already been cached, and so only one of the two has to be fetched from memory. The other can be supplied directly from the cache with no additional delay. The best performance is achieved when both instructions and data are supplied by the caches, with no need to access external memory at all.
This is the most sensible compromise and the architecture used by ARMs Harvard processor cores. Two separate memory systems can perform better, but would be difficult to implement.

Stepper motor :tutorial

2008-05-19T02:41:00.000-07:00

what is it :

A stepper motor is a permanent magnet or variable reluctance dc motor that has the following performance characteristics:
rotation in both directions,
precision angular incremental changes,
repetition of accurate motion or velocity profiles,
a holding torque at zero speed, and
capability for digital control.
A stepper motor can move in accurate angular increments knows as steps in response to the application of digital pulses to an electric drive circuit from a digital controller. The number and rate of the pulses control the position and speed of the motor shaft. Generally, stepper motors are manufactured with steps per revolution of 12, 24, 72, 144, 180, and 200, resulting in shaft increments of 30, 15, 5, 2.5, 2, and 1.8 degrees per step.
Stepper motors are either bipolar, requiring two power sources or a switchable polarity power source, or unipolar, requiring only one power source. They are powered by dc current sources and require digital circuitry to produce the coil energizing sequences for rotation of the motor. Feedback is not always required for control, but the use of an encoder or other position sensor can ensure accuracy when it is essential
where to get it :

old floppy drive from junk yards :)

more.....>
http://hades.mech.northwestern.edu/wiki/index.php/Stepper_Motor_Theory

I²C Bus Interfacing

2008-05-19T01:30:00.000-07:00

I²C bus (Inter-Integrated Circuit) is a bidirectional, half duplex, two-wire, synchoronous bus, originally designed for interconnection over short distances within a piece of equipment. The I2C bus uses two lines called Serial Clock Line (SCL) and Serial Data Lines (SDA). Both lines are pulled high via a resistor (Rpu) as shown in Figure below. The bus is defined by Philips, see more details.
Three speed modes are specified: Standard; 100kbps [Bits per Second], Fast mode; 400kbps, High speed mode 3.4Mbps. I2C, due to its two-wire nature (one clock, one data) can only communicate half-duplex. The maximum bus capacitance is 400pF, which sets the maximum number of devices on the bus and the maximum line length.
The interface uses 8 bit long bytes, MSB (Most Significant Bit) first, with each device having a unique address. Any device may be a Transmitter or Receiver, and a Master or Slave. The Slave is any device addressed by the Master. A system may have more than one Master, although only one may me active at any time.
Data and clock are sent from the Master: valid while the clock line is high. The link may have multiple Masters and Slaves on the bus, but only one Master may be active at any one time. Slaves may receive or transmit data to the master.
This is an example how to interface I²C with 8051. I use SDCC as C Compiler. My schematic is shown below. I set P2.6 as SCL and P2.7 as SDA

Here Is the Sample code : i2c.h
, 89c51

2008-05-18T20:57:00.000-07:00

ELECTRONIC PROGRAMMING

PIC microcontrollers, for beginners too by Nebojsa Matic.

Programming PIC Microcontrollers in BASIC by mikroElektronika.

Introduction to PLC controllers by Nebojsa Matic.

VHDL Quick Start by Peter J. Ashenden.

The VHDL Cookbook by Peter J. Ashenden.

European Space Agency (ESA) VHDL Modelling Guidelines.

Analog and Mixed-Signal Modeling using VHDL-AMS.

Beginners Introduction to the Assembly Language of ATMELAVRMicroprocessors by Gerhard Schmidt.

Hitachi-44780 LCD INTERFACING WITH 8051

2008-05-18T20:40:00.000-07:00

This is an example how to interface to the standard Hitachi-44780 LCD using an 8051 microcontroller and SDCC as C Compiler. I use a standard 16-character by 2-line LCD module, see schematic below. Here, I use 4-bit interfacing. Schematic: 4-bit interfacing 16x2 LCD

Sample code (SDCC) :lcd.h

test_lcd.c

8051 Development Setup: Final test

2008-05-16T04:11:00.001-07:00

Execute MIDE-51.exe and File-->New (Ctrl+N), edit this code

#include "p89v51rd2.h"
unsigned char i;
void main() {
i=10;
}

Save to anyname.c and then Build (F9). You will found many files in the directory, one of them is .HEX file which can be downloaded to your MCU by using FlashMagic. Or, you can simulate it by using Jsim51, Build and Sim (Shift+Ctrl+F9).
Note: I tested on my P89V51RD2 MPU. Enjoy your 8051 microcontroller.

8051 Development Setup :ConfigurationTo check (Final -1 Step)

2008-05-16T04:10:00.000-07:00

ConfigurationTo combine every things:
Execute MIDE-51.exe
From menu bar, Edit-->Preference (F12)
Click Tab C-Compiler, Edit your SDCC Path (C:\Program Files\SDCC)
Click Tab Assembler, Edit your ASEM-51 Path (C:\ASEM51).
Click Tab Simulaotr, Simulator Profile, select JSIM with 8051.dll, edit Execute file (Full path and filename) C:\JSIM51\jsim.exe.
Now, everything is complete

8051 Development Setup :Installing FlashMagic ISP Software

2008-05-16T04:09:00.001-07:00

Flash Magic is a free, powerful, feature-rich Windows application that allows easy programming of Philips Flash Microcontrollers. Its function is to download compiled HEX file to your (Philips) microcontroller.
Please download and install the current version of FlashMagic.exe here.

8051 Development Setup:Installing JSIM-51

2008-05-16T04:08:00.001-07:00

Installing JSIM-51JSIM-51 is a powerful software simulator for 8051 Microcontrollers and it's derivatives. The program simulates the processor kernel and some of the hardware functions. It was born due to all commercial products are too expensive for private users. It is free and opensource.
To install:
Download 8051.zip ( DLL for simulation of a standard-8051 , V1.017 - 09/17/1998)
Download 80320.zip ( DLL for simulation of a 80320 -Dallas , V1.019 - 10/03/2000)
Download jsim_e.zip ( english version V4.05 from 01/08/2000)
Extract all files i.e., jsim.exe, 8051.dll and 80320.dll to your directory (C:\Jsim51).

8051 Development Setup :Installing ASEM-51

2008-05-16T04:07:00.000-07:00

ASEM-51 is a two-pass macro assembler for the Intel MCS-51 family of microcontrollers. It is running on the PC under MS-DOS, Windows and Linux. The ASEM-51 assembly language is based on the standard Intel syntax, and implements conditional assembly, macros, and include file processing. The assembler can output object code in Intel-HEX or Intel OMF-51 format as well as a detailed list file. The ASEM-51 package includes support for more than 180 8051 derivatives, a bootstrap program for MCS-51 target boards, and documentation in ASCII and HTML format. And it is free ...
The simplest way of installing ASEM-51 is copying all files of the package to your working directory, and enjoy the benefits of true plug-and-play compatibility!. Alternatively, I have set it up on Windows XP manually:
Downloads the lastest ASEM-51 for DOS/Windows (currently v1.3)
Create a new, empty directory on your harddisk (C:\ASEM51).
Unpack your ASEM-51 distribution archive into this directory, or copy all files of the ASEM-51 package into it.
Make the scratch directory default, run the batch file INSTALL.BAT provided, and follow the instructions.
Reboot your PC.
You can update MPU file by downloading http://plit.de/asem-51/mcufiles.zip.

8051 Development setup:Installing SDCC

2008-05-16T04:06:00.000-07:00

Installing SDCC
SDCC is a Freeware, retargettable, optimizing ANSI - C compiler that targets the Intel 8051, Maxim 80DS390, Zilog Z80 and the Motorola 68HC08 based MCUs. Work is in progress on supporting the Microchip PIC16 and PIC18 series. The entire source code for the compiler is distributed under GPL.

To install the SDCC, download the latest version from http://sdcc.sourceforge.net/snap.php#Windows (currently v2.6.x). SDCC are available for several different operating systems. I am working on a PC running Microsoft Windows XP therefore I download the win32 self-executing SDCC install file
(sdcc-20060818-4339-setup.exe) and run the executable. By default, it will install all files to C:\Program Files\SDCC, you also can change to any directory.

When finishing installing the program, a prompt will appear asking to add the directory containing the program binaries to your PATH. I also recommend you to download the SDCC documentation (sdcc-doc-20060818-4339.zip), and extract it to your SDCC documentation directory (C:\Program Files\SDCC\doc).

8051 Development Setup:MIDE-51 Installation

2008-05-16T04:04:00.000-07:00

1. Installing MIDE-51MIDE-51 is freeware Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for MCS-51 microcontroller. The full package already comes with:
Assembler : ASEM-51 by W.W.Heinz (v1.3)C compiler : SDCC: Small Device C Compiler (v2.5.4)Simulator : TS Controls 8051 Emulator v1.0 evaluation (Owner : http://www.tscontrols.com was gone)Simulator : JSIM-51 Simulator by Jens Altmann (v4.05)
Just downloads midepack0258.exe and executes this file, everything will setup completely.
Feature on MIDE-51:
Syntax highlighter on ASEM-51 reserved word & addition register on selected device (devices listed on ASEM51/MCU folder)
Syntax highlighter on SDCC reserved word & MCS-51 standard register
Support multi document workspace
Support standard editor feature and shortcut key such as Cut , Copy, Paste, Find, Replace and Windows tile & cascade
Editor font style and size selectable
Save recent file(s) opened in list
Shortcut to ASEM-51 html manual
Shortcut to SDCC html & PDF manual (search file on SDCC/DOC)
Report assembler & compiler message
Support drag and drop file from explorer.
Automatic save last windows position.
Support wheel mouse
Bookmark code position upto 10
Show/Hide line number on editor
However, if you would like to use the newer version of them, you can also install each package manualy. First, downloads only editor version of MIDE-51 ( MIDE51_0258.zip) and extracts it to any directory (C:\MIDE51). You should have C:\MIDE51\MIDE51.EXE. For others package, please follow these instructions.

Tools for 8051 development setup:Links

2008-05-16T04:02:00.000-07:00

Product Page: http://www.semiconductors.philips.com/
Data Sheet: P89V51RB2_RC2_RD2-03.pdf
Boot Loader: p89v_lv51rd2_bl_upd_v5.zip
FlashMagic ISP Software: http://www.esacademy.com/
SDCC : http://sdcc.sourceforge.net/
MIDE-51 : http://www.opcube.com/home.html
ASEM-51 : http://plit.de/asem-51/home.htm
JSIM-51 : http://home.arcor.de/jensaltmann/jsim-e.htm

8051 Instructionset: Detailed Linked URL

2008-05-16T03:18:00.000-07:00

Alphabetical List of Instructions
ACALL: Absolute Call
ADD, ADDC: Add Accumulator (With Carry)
AJMP: Absolute Jump
ANL: Bitwise AND
CJNE: Compare and Jump if Not Equal
CLR: Clear Register
CPL: Complement Register
DA: Decimal Adjust
DEC: Decrement Register
DIV: Divide Accumulator by B
DJNZ: Decrement Register and Jump if Not Zero
INC: Increment Register
JB: Jump if Bit Set
JBC: Jump if Bit Set and Clear Bit
JC: Jump if Carry Set
JMP: Jump to Address
JNB: Jump if Bit Not Set
JNC: Jump if Carry Not Set
JNZ: Jump if Accumulator Not Zero
JZ: Jump if Accumulator Zero
LCALL: Long Call
LJMP: Long Jump
MOV: Move Memory
MOVC: Move Code Memory
MOVX: Move Extended Memory
MUL: Multiply Accumulator by B
NOP: No Operation
ORL: Bitwise OR
POP: Pop Value From Stack
PUSH: Push Value Onto Stack
RET: Return From Subroutine
RETI: Return From Interrupt
RL: Rotate Accumulator Left
RLC: Rotate Accumulator Left Through Carry
RR: Rotate Accumulator Right
RRC: Rotate Accumulator Right Through Carry
SETB: Set Bit
SJMP: Short Jump
SUBB: Subtract From Accumulator With Borrow
SWAP: Swap Accumulator Nibbles
XCH: Exchange Bytes
XCHD: Exchange Digits
XRL: Bitwise Exclusive OR
Undefined: Undefined Instruction

Embedded System Tool Sets >Simulator for 89c51 family :Edsim

2008-05-16T02:25:00.000-07:00

Are You worried about the Final Year Project ?
Do you want to test your code for communicating with peripherals without having to first build the hardware?

Why to buy hardware until you are ready with the basics od micontroller ..... That is why emulator becomes a handy tool. I am going to give links to a 89c51/8051 family emulator that is free ware ...

ITs ####### EDSIM 51####
The interface is neat and easy .... .see below......and whole thing is free ......

A virtual 8051 is interfaced with virtual peripherals such as a keypad, motor, display, UART, etc.

The student can write 8051 assembly code, step through the code and observe the effects each line has on the internal memory and the external peripherals.

DOWNLOAD

MAIN SITE

FEATURES :
Import Embedded C using the Intel HEX reader/writer

Keypad Modes and Interrupt

The LCD Module with CGRAM

Electronics projects downloads

2008-04-20T23:28:00.000-07:00

DSP BOOKS -ebooks

2008-04-20T23:18:00.000-07:00

Subject : DSP Books----------Books--------------

How you rate your speaker :use these terms

2008-04-14T23:45:00.001-07:00

Here is a list of standard terms that have evolved from years of loudspeaker listening tests in conducted at Canada’s National Research Council (NRC) acoustics lab.

I’ve taken the list from forms originally compiled by Dr. Floyd Toole during his long tenure at the NRC Acoustics Division for use in subjective double-blind listening tests, as well as additions from my own notes during those tests and those of other long-time reviewers, including Ian G. Masters.

The forms and adjectives we used were to solve this very problem, because sometimes reviewers can become almost poetic in their descriptions of loudspeaker sound, as if the speaker were a musical instrument in and of itself!

Here are some common terms to describe loudspeaker sound.

"Forward" indicates that vocals, male and female, tend to be very present, almost as if the singer were standing in front of the plain of the speakers. It can be a negative term, too--if singers sound too close up it may mean the midrange is boosted or exaggerated.

The opposite is "recessed," which means that midrange sounds like singers and choruses seem to be farther back, a bit distant-sounding and well behind the plain of the speakers.

"Spacious" and "open" and "airy," all positive traits, describe the sense of space present around the instruments and singers;

it relates to the speaker’s presentation of the stereo "soundstage" (the three-dimensional positioning of the instruments across an imaginary stage) in addition to how well it reproduces the ambient sounds present in the original recording. The opposite is "closed," "muted" or "dry," which indicate the midrange and treble are rolled off or depressed and dull.

Words like "sibilant" mean the speaker has a midrange/treble peak that emphasizes the "sss" and "ttt" sounds of singers’ vocals.

The same speaker might also be a bit "bright" (a little treble emphasis) or quite "strident" (way too much treble output, making brass and string sound shrill or harsh).

"Thin" means the speaker has little or no bass output, while "boomy" means it has too much bass that dominates its sound.

"Punchy" can be quite pleasing and powerful upper bass, like a disco, but no really deep bass. "Muddy" or "muddled" means the midrange isn’t clear; that it’s hard to separate the distinct contributions of male and female singers in a chorus.

If a speaker has real problems in the midrange, either a big "suck-out" or valley or other uneven response, terms like "boxy" (vocals sound as if the singer were inside a box) or "honky" are useful. Another common coloration is "nasal," which describes what a midrange peak does to vocals, like what happens to your voice when you cup your hands around your mouth while you’re speaking.

Now that you are armed with the right descriptors, you can analyze the sound you hear from speakers in a store demo, at a friend’s house (be careful with words like "honky" or "boxy" around friends!) or from your own loudspeakers....Kaushik

Microsoft Portable Word 2007

2008-03-27T02:14:00.000-07:00

[ USB Version ] - Microsoft Portable Word 2007Microsoft wants Word 2007 to put more features at your fingertips, without making you grope for them the way previous iterations of the application did.Word 2003, for example, featured 300 menu items and 31 toolbars. This was created with Thinstall so it uses it’s own virtual registry and can be ran from any removable or fixed media. Already licensed and doesn’t require activation.Includes Spell Check, Thesaurus and Templates. Create and share great-looking documents by combining a comprehensive set of writing tools with an easy-to-use interface.Word 2007 helps you build professional-looking documents with ease. You’ll spend more time writing and less time formatting documents with new editing and layout tools that are presented in the Microsoft Office Fluent user interface. To speed template-based document authoring, Word 2007 templates can be deeply integrated with business processes and back-end systems through document controls and XML Data Binding. The new Ecma Office Open XML Formats provide reduced file sizes and improvements in recovering of files that have become corrupt or damaged.This product guide provides an overview of Word 2007, with an emphasis on new and improved features. It also takes a close look at Word 2007 in action, demonstrating its exciting new capabilities. Spend more time writing, less time formattingThe new Ribbon, a component of the Office Fluent user interface, groups your tools by task, and the commands you use most frequently are close at hand.
Code:http://rapidshare.com/files/89642616/Portable_Word_2007.part1.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/89645342/Portable_Word_2007.part2.rar

Explore America :Brentwood Park ,Austin TX

2008-03-24T00:23:00.000-07:00

Brentwood, Austin Texas
"What is now known as the Brentwood neighborhood in Austin, Texas, was once just a pretty cotton farm. Then, in the late 1940s, the City of Austin annexed the farm, which was north of then city limits. The farm was next to Brentwood Elementary and the city used the land to establish the Brentwood neighborhood park and to open the school by 1951. Today, few would know Brentwood's rural past without reading up about it, because today the neighborhood is thoroughly modern. In fact, Brentwood has become one of the most bustling and hip neighborhoods in Austin." - ArticlebaseNeighborhood Features

quiet, tree-lined streets and charming homes

native, old-fashioned hamburger diners and bars

Arroyo Seco and the Brentwood Park and Pool for hikers and bicyclists

The Violet Crown Festival held every May to celebrate local music

Great schools such as the McCallum High School, Brentwood Elementary and the Petite Ecole Internationale

Near to Texas' high-tech companies

The pictures reveal it as a place of open winds and charming leisurely parks ...

DIY woofer crossover design

2008-03-18T03:57:00.000-07:00

Contents
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Filter Types
3.0 Speaker Effects on Filter Response
3.1 Impedance
3.1.1 Woofers and Midrange
3.1.2 Midrange and Tweeters
3.2 Amplifier Impedance
3.3 Temperature
3.4 Atmospheric Changes
4.0 Selecting the Filter Slope, Alignment & Components
4.1 Filter Slope
4.2 Filter Alignment
4.3 World's Worst Passive Component
5.0 The Maths Behind the Filters
6.0 Attenuation Networks
7.0 Power Losses / Resistor Power
8.0 Winding the Coils
9.0 Conclusion
References

EBooks On Robot Building

2008-03-18T02:33:00.001-07:00

Hope you like it

What:

Download:

Code:
CODE
http://rapidshare.com/files/98974666/Building_a_robot.rar

HERE WE DO Rs:000 SMS

2008-03-18T02:22:00.000-07:00

Megadeth :dave mustaine welcome to bangalore

2008-03-13T03:54:00.000-07:00

the Megadeth PICs-- dave mustaine welcome to bangalore

Sleepwalker - Megadeth

2008-03-13T02:52:00.000-07:00

Sleepwalker - Megadeth

I should be calling collect from jail
For the things I commit each night in my head
Like last night in my sleep I got to snuff you
But then I woke up again, safe in my little bed

No one is safe when I close my eyes; I come to take your life

I get to force your untimely disappearance
Each night in my dreams, when I'm fast asleep
I close my eyes and you just vanish soon as I
Lay down my head when I'm dead to the whole wide world

No one is safe when I close my eyes; I come to take your life
And then I wake up and it was all just a dream
And everything is the same

Sleepwalker - Did I give you concrete shoes?
And throw you off of a bridge
Sleepwalker - When I lay down to sleep
Pray your soul's mine to keep, I feel you near me
Go to sleep, Sleepwalker

Just taking a stroll; don't go to sleep! Here's some toothpicks for your eyes!

You always make an excellent cadaver
I roll your body up in a carpet to make music in the
Trunk of my limousine, wrapped up in a rug
A fitting end, is that I send you up the river like a punk

No one is safe when I close my eyes; I come to take your life

The angel of death is pissed off at me again
Just because I got to put you out of my misery
It doesn't matter, I am without fear
Now you're dead, I won't she'd another bloody tear for you

No one is safe when I close my eyes; I come to take your life
I'm calling down the thunder, then you'll sleep with the fishes
The answer to all of my wishes

Sleepwalker - Did I tell you I was in movies?
Then dump you garroted, lying naked in a ditch
Sleepwalker - Everyday, another way, I know you can hear me

Solo - Mustaine
Solo - Drover

I think you'd look nice in a Colombian necktie
Should stop your tongue from wagging the dog
No more stupidity from you, as I pull your tongue through
For a smile from ear to ear, now there's nothing to hear

No one is safe when I close my eyes; I come to take your life
And then I wake up and it was all just a dream
And everything is still the same

Sleepwalker - Did I give you concrete shoes?
And throw your body off of a bridge
Sleepwalker - When I lay down to sleep
Pray your soul is mine to keep, I feel you near me

Sleepwalker - Or did I tell you I was in movies?
Then dump you garroted, lying naked in a ditch
Sleepwalker - Everyday, another way, I know you can hear me

Sleepwalker - Did I buy you the farm?
Put a horse head in your bed
Sleepwalker - When I lay down to sleep
Pray your soul is mine to keep, I feel you near me

Sleepwalker - Everyday
Everyday another way
Sleepwalker - When I lay down to sleep
Pray your soul is mine to keep, I know you can hear me

Repeat Choruses

megadeth lyrics -Set 2

2008-03-12T00:56:00.000-07:00

1. Into The Lungs Of Hell

[Music by D.Mustaine]
[Instrumental]

2. Set The World A Fire

[Music by D.Mustaine]

Red flesh cloud's choking out the morning sky
They said it'd never come, we knew it was a lie
All forms of life die now the humans all succumb
Time to kiss your ass goodbye the end has just begun

Distorted figures walk the street, it's 1989
Weeds once underneath your feet have grown to vines
Bodies melted like a candies, a land without a face
No time to change your fate, no time left, it's too late
The arsenal of megadeth can't be rid they said
And if it comes, the living will envy the dead
Racing for power, and all come in last
No winning first stone cast
This falsehood worldly peace
It's treaties soon will cease
No one will be left to prove that humans existed
Maybe soon the children will be born open-fisted
We all live on one planet it will all go up in smoke

Too bad they couldn't see this lethal energy
And now the final scene, a global darkening

Dig deep piles of rubble and ruins
Towering overhead both far and wide
There's unknown tools for World War III
Einstein said ' We'll use rocks on the other side '
No survivors set the world afire

3. Anarchy In The U.K.

[Song by Glen Matlock, Johnny Rotten, Paul Cook, Steve Jones]

Right now
I am an anti-Christ
And I am an anarchist
Don't know what I want, but I know how get it
I want to destroy, possibly ?

'Cause I want to be anarchy, no dog's body

Anarchy for the U.S.A.
It's coming sometime, it may be
I give a wrong time, stop a traffic light
Your future dream is a shopping spree

'Cause I want to be anarchy, in the city

Of many ways to get what you want
I use the best, I use the rest
I use the enemy
I use anarchy

'Cause I want to be anarchy, it's the only way to be

Is this the M.P.L.A. ?
Is this the U.D.A. ?
Is this the I.R.A. ?
I thought it was the U.S.A., or just another country
And other cunt-like tendencies
'Cause I want to be anarchy,'cause I want to be
Anarchy, you know what I mean ?

'Cause I want to be anarchist, again I'm pissed

Destroy !

4. Mary Jane

[Music by D.Mustaine, lyrics by D.Mustaine/D.Ellefson]

Forgive me father for I have sinned
I'm a child of air, I'm a witch of the wind
And I'm still wide awake... Mary Jane

From the earth, up through the trees
I can hear her calling me
Her voice rides on the breeze
Oh, it's haunting me

No, I can't get away
No, there's no escape
If I know I'm going crazy
I must not be insane

[CHORUS:]
Beware my friends, as you pass by
As you are now so once was I
As I'm now so you must be
Prepare my friends to follow me

Forgive me father for I have sinned
I'm a child of air, I'm a witch of the wind
Fingers gripped around my brain
No control my mind is lame
I'm in the astral plane, and I'll never be the same
Never, never, never, never, never, never
Never, never, never

[CHORUS:]

It hurts so bad I can't breathe
Prepare to follow me

5. 502

[Music & lyrics by D.Mustaine]

Pull over, shithead, this is the cops

Full tanks, pocket lined with cash
Full throttle, gonna rip some ass
Drive all day, and through the night
Romance the road,winding left to right

The stars above guide me, the moonlight is free
A feeling inside me, and the whole world to see

Driving fast makes me feel good
The speed of light trapped under my hood
Breaking laws, 'cause there's nothing to do
Driving the interstate, stopped for a 502

Hundreds of miles rolled of today
Sings lose their meaning, minutes tick away
Dirt roads to interstates, I must have drove them all
Cigarettes and burgers, caffeine and alcohol

Drive until daybreak, always on the go
Life on the freeway, night shift till dawn patrol

Driving fast makes me feel good
The speed of light trapped under my hood
Breaking laws, 'cause there's nothing to do
Driving the interstate, stopped for a 502

Stopped for a 502, next time it's gonna be you
Stars above guide me
This feeling inside me
I drive until daybreak
Life on the freeway is hell
I'm coming through

6. In My Darkest Hour

[Music by D.Mustaine, lyrics by D.Mustaine/D.Ellefson]

In my hour of need
Ha you're not there
And though I reached out for you
Wouldn't lend a hand

Through the darkest hour
Grace did not shine on me
It feels so cold, very cold
No one cares for me

Did you ever think I get lonely
Did you ever think that I needed love
Did you ever think to stop thinking
You're the only one that I'm thinking of

You'll never know how hard I tried
To find my space and satisfy you too

Things will be better when I'm dead and gone
Don't try to understand, knowing you I'm probably wrong

But oh how I lived my life for you
Still you'd turn away
Now as I die for you
My flesh still crawls as I breathe your name
All these years I thought I was wrong
Now I know it was you
Raise your head raise your face your eyes
Tell me who you think you are, who ?

I walk, I walk alone
Into the promised land
There's a better place for me
But it's far, far away
Everlasting life for me
In a perfect world
But I gotta die first
Please God send me on my way

Time has a way of taking time
Loneliness is not only felt by fools
Alone I call to ease the pain
Yearning to be held by you, alone, so alone, I'm lost
Consumed by the pain
The pain, the pain, the pain

Won't you hold me again
You just laughed, ha, ha, bitch
My whole life is work built on the past
But the time has come when all things shall pass
This good thing passed away

In my darkest hour

7. Liar

[Music by D.Mustaine / D.Ellefson, lyrics by D.Mustaine]

You take great pride in never having lived up to anything
Lie, steal, cheat, and kill, a real bad guy
Your daddy is a wine, and your mommy's quite insane
From altar boy to sewer rat, you don't give a damn
Your sister is a junkie, get "it" anyway she can
Your brother's a gay singer in a stud leather band
Your girlfriend's got herpes to go with your help and AIDS
There ain't one person you know you ain't ripped off yet

Look deep in the mirror, look deep into its eyes
Your face is replaced, a creature you despise
But I know what you're made of, it ain't much I'm afraid
I know you'll be lying until your dying day

Make up your stories, but truth's so hard to say
Brain is numb and your tongue will surely dig you grave
Your mind is sickly from Alzheimer's disease
And decadence and debauchery killed your memories

You're a liar, liar, liar, everyone can see
You're a liar, liar, liar, it's all you'll ever be
You're a liar, liar, liar, it's what you mean to me
Liar, liar, lies...

Start trouble, spread pain
Piss and venom in your veins
Talk nasty, breathe fire
Smell rotten, you're a liar
Sweat liquor, breathe snot
Eat garbage, spit blood
Diseased, health hazard
Scum bag, fucking bastard
Grease face, teeth decay
Hair matted, drunk all day
Abscessed, sunken veins
Rot gut, scrambled brain
Steal money, crash cars
Rob jewelry, hock guitars
Rot in hell, it's time you know
To your master, off you go

You're a liar
A fucking liar
Filthy liar
You, you, you, you fucking liar!
You're a liar

8. Hook In Mouth

[Music by D.Mustaine/D.Ellefson, lyrics by D.Mustaine]

A cockroach in the concrete, courthouse tan and beady eyes
A slouch with fallen arches, purging truths into great lies
A little man with a big eraser, changing history
Procedures that he's programmed to, all he hears and sees
Altering the facts and figures, events and every issue
Make a person disappear, and no one will ever miss you

Rewrites every story, every poem that ever was
Eliminates incompetence, and those who break the laws
Follow the instructions of the New Way's Evil Book of Rules
Replacing rights with wrongs, the files and records in the schools

You said you've got the answers, well who asked you anyway ?
Ever think may be it was meant to be this way ?
Don't try to fool us, we know the worst is yet to come
I believe my kingdom will come

[CHORUS:]
F, is for fighting, R is for red
Ancestors' blood in battles they've shed
E, we elect them, E, we eject them
In the land of the free and the home of the brave
D, for your dying, O, your overture
M, will cover your grave with manure
This spells out FREEDOM, it means nothing to me
As long as there's P.M.R.C

F, is for fighting, R is for red
Ancestors' blood in battles they've shed
E, we elect them, E, we eject them
In the land of the free and the home of the brave
D, for your dying, O, your overture
M, is for money, you know what that cures
This spells out FREEDOM, it means nothing to me
As long as there's P.M.R.C

[CHORUS:]

Put your hand right up my shirt
Pull the strings that make me work
Jaws will part, words fall out
Like a fish with hook in mouth

Rewrites every story, every poem that ever was
Eliminates incompetence, and those who break the laws
Follow the instructions of the New Way's Evil Book of Rules
Replacing rights with wrongs, the files and records in the schools

I'm not a fish
I'm a man
Hook in mouth

megadeth bangalore concert ..

2008-03-12T00:46:00.001-07:00

megadeth , legendary thrash metal band with machine head
coming in this 14th march
where : bangalore ,palacegrounds
tickets: 1000 Rs [INR]

Here are the most wanted lyrics :

1. Wake Up Dead

I sneak in my own house,
It's four in the morning,
I had too much to drink,
Said I was out with the boys,
I creep in my bedroom,
I slip into bed,
I know if I wake her,
I'll wake up dead,

[Chorus:]
I wonder, will she find out,
About the other, other lover,
Diana.

Wake up dead, you die,
Wake up dead, and buried,
Wake up dead, you die,
Wake up dead.

2. The Conjuring

Welcome to out sanguinary sect of worship,
Feel at home in our black conventicle,
As we anathematise,
All of those who oppose us,
Don't summon the devil,
Don't call the priests,
If you need the strength,
The conjuring. Obey!!!

Behold the flames rise,
From the compass' cardinal points,
Burn the sacred oil,
And, with the ashes you'll annoint,

Arrange the symbols,
Of the wizard, and, magician,
Light the candles,
Place the parchment paper in position,
Between its leaves place,
The lash from a black cat's eye,
A straw of a broom,
Fold, and, burn, and, centralise,

Don't summon the devil,
Don't call the priests,
If you need the strength,
The conjuring,

I am the devil's advocate,
A salesman, if you will,
You know my name. [You know my name],

I met your father years ago,
Gave him what he'd please,
He called my name, you'll do the same,

I'm claiming what is mine by right,
It's time to close the deal,
You're bought and sold, bought and sold,

Come join me in my infernal depths,
Mephisto's hall of fame
I've got your soul, I've got your soul,
The conjuring. Obey!!!

3. Peace Sells

What do you mean, "I don't believe in God"?
I talk to him every day.
What do you mean, "I don't support your system"?
I go to court when I have to.
What do you mean, "I can't get to work on time"?
I got nothing better to do
And, what do you mean, "I don't pay my bills"?
Why do you think I'm broke? Huh?

[Chorus:]
If there's a new way,
I'll be the first in line.
But, it better work this time.

What do you mean, "I hurt your feelings"?
I didn't know you had any feelings.
What do you mean, "I ain't kind"?
I'm just not your kind.
What do you mean, "I couldn't be president, of the United States of America"?
Tell me something, it's still "We the people", right?

[Chorus: (repeat)]
If there's a new way
I'll be the first in line,
But, it better work this time.

Can you put a price on peace?
Peace,
Peace sells...,
Peace,
Peace sells...,
Peace sells...,but who's buying?
Peace sells...,but who's buying?
Peace sells...,but who's buying?
Peace sells...,but who's buying?
[n+1 times more]
No, peace sells...

4. Devil's Island

The light that fills my lonely cell,
Is blocked out by the key,
That locks the door to this hell,
The place they wanted me.
Time's racing like the wind,
Execution's near,
Oh lord, I wait for death,
And, yes, I have no fear.
I recall that night, my every breath,
And, step along the way.
Closed my eyes, walking,
As danger paved the way.
The devil, and the darkness
Let her evil wander free
And, here on Devils Island,
The final stop for me.

[Chorus:]
Devils Island, Devils Island.

Oh, there is no escape,
The sea is full of sharks.
The tide takes you away, and
Smashes you on the rocks.
The sun is shining,
But feel not today,
It's warmth, it's dying,
And fading away.

[Chorus (repeat):]
Devils Island, (here I stay) Devils Island.

Oh, hear the call,
From the grave beyond.
Oh, so pernicious,
Her soul it creates song.
As there is no man, that is
Here upon the earth,
Able to terminate our
Noisome will since birth.

The priest that reads the sermons,
Is walking next to me,
To the stake, my last request,
To have her burn with me.
But, so it did, the heavens opened,
Rain began to fall.
The final judgement came, and
Was spread before you all.
Final judgement.

Old, weak, and feeble,
But the lesson taught to me,
To stay away from evil,
She doesn't care for me.
She haunts me in my sleep,
Though I tore that page away.
And, here on Devils Island,
I'll always have to stay.

[Chorus (repeat):]
Devils Island, Devils Island.
(Devils Island, Devils Island.)
Here I am.

[Chorus (repeat 4 times):]
Devils Island, Devils Island.

5. Good Mourning / Black Friday

Good Mourning.

Hey, I don't feel so good.
Something's not right,
Something's coming over me
What the f**k is this?

Killer, intruder, homicidal man.
If you see me coming, run as fast as you can.
A blood thirsty demon who's stalking the street.
I hack up my victims like pieces of meat.
Blood thirsty demon, sinister fiend,
Bludgeonous slaughters, my evil deeds.

My hammer's a cold piece of blood-lethal steel.
I grin while you writhe with the pain that I deal.
Swinging the hammer, I hack through their heads,
Deviant defilers, you're next to be dead.
I unleash my hammer with sadistic intent.
Pounding, surrounding, slamming through your head. Yeah!

Their bodies convulse, in agony, and, pain.
I mangle their faces, till no features remain.
A blade for the butchering, I cut them to shreds.
First take out the organs, then cut off the head.
The remains of flesh now sop under my feet.
One more bloody massacre, the murders' complete.
I seek to dismember, a sadist fiend.
And, blood baths are my way of getting clean.
I lurk in the alleys, wait for the kill.
I have no remorse for the blood that I spill
A merciless butcher who lives underground.
I'm out to destroy you and ,I will, cut you down. (Cut you down)
I see you, and, I'm waiting ,for Black Friday.

Killer, intruder, homicidal man.
If you see me coming, run as fast as you can.
A blood thirsty demon who's stalking the street.
I hack up my victims like pieces of meat.
I lurk in the alleys, wait for the kill.
I have no remorse for the blood that I spill
A merciless butcher who lives underground.
I'm out to destroy you and ,I will, cut you down.

It's Black Friday, paint the devil on the wall. [8 times]

6. Bad Omen

Down fell the stars, as they
Splashed into the sea.
"Mi nomine Baphomet",
Come dance with me.
Sacrifice the virgins,
Spiritual rites.
Their master's time has come,
The moon is full tonight.

Drinking, dancing,
They worship, and toast
The devil, who's watching,
With demon's remote.
Fire, rising,
Racing in your blood.
Possessed, naive,
His service is done.

Bloody blasphemy.

Sinister's the word,
As the demon's take their fill.
An orgy's taking place,
Human blood will spill.
An act of worship,
As they conceive the ghouls.
Satan has their souls,
They sing pagan tunes.
The ceremony,
Is sure to be cursed.
They ask for his blessings,
But, down comes the worst.
Their bodies, soulless,
A corpse from the grave.
Their minds are helpless,
And, no-one can save [x 5],
No-one can save them (oh no). [x 2]

7. I Ain't Superstitious

I ain't superstitious,
When a black cat crosses my path.
And, I ain't superstitious,
As I break the looking glass.
Ain't afraid of no demons,
Don't make me laugh!
I ain't superstitious,
Under the ladder I go.
I ain't superstitious,
It's all bulls**t, don't you know!
Ain't afraid of the shadows,
I like the dark anyway, and that's a fact!
Superstitious [x 2]

I ain't superstitious,
No such thing as bad luck.
I ain't superstitious,
I couldn't really give a f**k.
Take your stupid superstitions,
And find some other paranoidal,
Chickens**t, sissy, worm, and, tell it to him.
Superstitious [x 2]

8. My Last Words

My life's on time,
But again my sense is late.
Feel a might unsteady,
But still I have to play.
Six to one's the odds,
And, we have the highest stakes.
And, once again I gamble with my very life today.

Highly polished metal,
The oil makes it gleam.
Fill the terror chamber,
Your mind begins to scream.
Your life is like a trigger,
Never trouble till you're squeezed.
Now you crack a smile,
As you give the gun a tease.

Place the piston down,
Now give the gun a spin.
Soon as the spinning stops,
Oh no, the game starts in.
A hateful way of vengeance,
A bit of playful sin.
Load another bullet,
Now the second round begins.

A couple grains of powder,
A couple grams of lead.
A touch against the trigger,
A touch inside the head.
Take another drink, and
Raise the last bets.
Think about my last words,
They might be what I just said.
A click comes from the hammer,
That couldn't drive a nail.
Sense the numbing cold blue,
Or the red of Hades' grill.
A fraction of a second,
Do you lose, or maybe still,
Pass it to the left,
And collect your mighty kill.

Add another bullet,
The third round begins.
Soon as the spinning stops,
Oh no, the game starts in.
Please, no I.O.U.'s,
No markers for death.
Does anybody play? Anybody,
Somebody, anybody play.

You, you, next victim, you next to die.
You, you, next victim, you next [s: your turn] to die.
You, come on, next victim, your turn to die.
You, come on, next victim, your turn to die.

megadeth bangalore concert ..

2008-03-12T00:46:00.000-07:00

IS UR PASSION DRIVING YOU ??? here I will help you ...

2008-02-25T22:02:00.001-08:00

Every one knows that, if your job is your passion then success is 100% guaranteed, but most of the time people really don’t know what their real passion is? Majority of the people never feel happiness about their job, and also they, aware that they are not performing to their peek potential, because the job they are doing is not their passion, also they confused what their real passion is. Here are few simple steps, explained in the following sites, which I felt real good material to share, explains how to identify your real passion.

http://www.oprah.com/living/lifemake/passionsteps/lifemake_passion_main.jhtml

http://www.entrepreneur.com/magazine/homeofficemagcom/2001/march/38294.html

http://www.lifescript.com/channels/well_being/meditations_motivations/find_your_passion.asp

http://www.lifehack.org/articles/lifestyle/how-to-find-your-passion.html

http://www.itstime.com/feb2000.htm

http://www.wikihow.com/Find-Your-Passion

http://www.briannorris.com/passion/what-is-passion.html

WEB-O-PEDIA

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Output

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- i2c.h

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Here I am giving you links to download all types of mobile games